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HOW 'GREEN' ARE OUR TRAINS?

机译：我们的行程如何“绿色”？

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All forms of transport suffer energy losses and all fuel-burning ones produce some form of pollution. In less enlightened times, wastages and inefficiencies weren't considered too big a problem, but in today's age of serious environmental issues, they are rapidly becoming unacceptable. All mankind's energy-producing machines, with the exception of the water wheel and the wind turbine, are what are known as heat engines and they are surprisingly inefficient at converting fuel into actual work. In fact, most primary machinery is regrettably more effective at heating up the world's atmosphere and producing unwanted gases such as carbon dioxide (CO_2). The ratio of work produced compared with the potential energy in the fuel is known as 'thermal efficiency' and to show how effective different machines are, we need to know the level of their efficiency as well as the amount of chemical by-products ('greenhouse gases') they produce.
机译：所有形式的运输都会遭受能量损失，所有燃料燃烧的运输都会产生某种形式的污染。在不那么开明的时代，浪费和低效被认为不是太大的问题，但是在当今严重的环境问题时代，它们正迅速变得令人无法接受。除了水车和风力涡轮机外，所有人类的能源生产机器都是所谓的热力发动机，它们在将燃料转化为实际功方面效率低下，令人惊讶。实际上，令人遗憾的是，大多数主要机械在加热世界大气和产生有害气体（例如二氧化碳（CO_2））方面更有效。产生的功与燃料中的势能之比称为“热效率”，为了显示不同机器的效率，我们需要知道其效率水平以及化学副产物的量（产生的温室气体。

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