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首页> 外文期刊>Theoretical and applied climatology >Thermal comfort in an east-west oriented street canyon in Freiburg (Germany) under hot summer conditions
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Thermal comfort in an east-west oriented street canyon in Freiburg (Germany) under hot summer conditions

机译：夏季炎热条件下弗莱堡（德国）东西向街道峡谷的热舒适性

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摘要

Field-measurements were conducted in an urban street canyon with an east-west orientation, and a height-to-width ratio H/W = 1 during cloudless summer weather in 2003 in Freiburg, Germany. This experimental work adds to the knowledge available on the microclimate of an urban canyon and its impact on human comfort. Air temperature T_a, air humidity VP, wind speed v and direction dd were measured continuously. All short-wave and long-wave radiation fluxes from the 3D surroundings were also measured. The degree of comfort was defined in terms of physiologically equivalent temperature (PET). Furthermore, the data gathered within the canyon were compared to data collected by a permanent urban climate station with the aim of furthering the understanding of microclimatic changes due to street geometry. Changes in the meteorological variables T_a, v and dd in the canyon in comparison to an unobstructed roof level location were found to be in good agreement with previous studies, i.e., a small increase of T_a in the canyon adjacent to irradiated surfaces, and a good correlation of v and dd between canyon and roof levels. The daily dynamics of canyon facet irradiances and their impacts on the heat gained by a pedestrian were strongly dependent on street geometry and orientation. Thermal stress was mostly attributable to solar exposure. Under cloudless summer weather, a standing body was found to absorb, on average, 74% of heat in the form of long-wave irradi-ance and 26% as short-wave irradiance. Shading the pedestrian as well as the surrounding surfaces is, hence, the first strategy in mitigating heat stress in summer under hot conditions.
机译：在2003年德国弗莱堡夏季无云的夏季，在东西向的城市街道峡谷中进行了野外测量，高/宽比H / W = 1。这项实验性工作增加了有关城市峡谷微气候及其对人类舒适感的影响的知识。连续测量空气温度T_a，空气湿度VP，风速v和方向dd。还测量了来自3D环境的所有短波和长波辐射通量。舒适度是根据生理等效温度（PET）定义的。此外，将峡谷内收集的数据与永久性城市气候站收集的数据进行了比较，目的是进一步了解由于街道几何形状引起的微气候变化。与无障碍屋顶水平位置相比，峡谷中的气象变量T_a，v和dd的变化与以前的研究非常吻合，即与辐射面相邻的峡谷中T_a的增加很小，并且峡谷和屋顶高度之间的v和dd相关性。峡谷刻面辐照度的日常动态及其对行人获得热量的影响在很大程度上取决于街道的几何形状和方向。热应力主要归因于日光照射。在夏季无云的天气下，人们发现一个站立的物体平均吸收长波辐照形式的热量的74％，短波辐照形式的热量的26％。因此，遮挡行人以及周围的表面是缓解夏季炎热条件下热应力的第一种策略。

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