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Ambiguity attitudes, framing, and consistency

机译：歧义态度，框架和一致性

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摘要

We use probability-matching variations on Ellsberg's single-urn experiment to assess three questions: (1) How sensitive are ambiguity attitudes to changes from a gain to a loss frame? (2) How sensitive are ambiguity attitudes to making ambiguity easier to recognize? (3) What is the relation between subjects' consistency of choice and the ambiguity attitudes their choices display? Contrary to most other studies, we find that a switch from a gain to a loss frame does not lead to a switch from ambiguity aversion to ambiguity neutrality and/or ambiguity seeking. We also find that making ambiguity easier to recognize has little effect. Finally, we find that while ambiguity aversion does not depend on consistency, other attitudes do: consistent choosers are much more likely to be ambiguity neutral, while ambiguity seeking is much more frequent among highly inconsistent choosers.
机译：我们在Ellsberg单缸实验中使用概率匹配变异来评估三个问题：（1）模糊态度对从收益框架到亏损框架的变化有多敏感？ （2）歧义态度对使歧义更易于识别有多敏感？ （3）主体的选择一致性和他们的选择所表现出的歧义态度之间有什么关系？与大多数其他研究相反，我们发现从收益框架到损失框架的转换不会导致从歧义厌恶转向歧义中立和/或歧义寻求。我们还发现，使歧义更易于识别几乎没有效果。最后，我们发现尽管歧义厌恶并不取决于一致性，但其他态度却如此：一致的选择者更有可能是中性的，而在高度不一致的选择者中寻求歧义的机会则更为频繁。

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