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R&D cooperation in emerging industries, asymmetric innovative capabilities and rationale for technology parks

机译：新兴产业的研发合作，不对称的创新能力和技术园区的原理

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Starting from the premise that firms are distinct in terms of their capacity to create innovations, this article explores the rationale for R&D cooperation and the choice between alliances that involve information sharing, cost sharing or both. Defining innovative capability as the probability of creating an innovation, it examines firm strategy in a duopoly market, where firms have to decide whether or not to cooperate to acquire a fixed cost R&D infrastructure that would endow each firm with a firm-specific innovative capability. Furthermore, since emerging industries are often characterized by high technological uncertainty and diverse firm focus that makes the exploitation of spillovers difficult, this article focuses on a zero spillover context. It demonstrates that asymmetry has an impact on alliance choice and social welfare, as a function of ex-post market competition and fixed costs of R&D. With significant asymmetry no alliance may be formed, while with similar firms the cost sharing alliance is dominant. Finally, it ascertains the settings under which the equilibrium outcome is distinct from that maximizing social welfare, thereby highlighting some conditions under which public investment in a technology park can be justified.
机译：从企业创新能力不同的前提出发，本文探讨了研发合作的基本原理以及涉及信息共享，成本共享或两者的联盟之间的选择。将创新能力定义为创造创新的可能性，它研究了双头垄断市场中的公司战略，在该市场中，公司必须决定是否进行合作以获得固定成本的研发基础架构，以使每个公司都具有公司特定的创新能力。此外，由于新兴产业通常具有高技术不确定性和对公司的关注，这使得利用溢出效应变得困难，因此本文将重点放在零溢出方面。它表明，不对称性是事后市场竞争和研发固定成本的函数，对联盟选择和社会福利产生影响。如果存在很大的不对称性，则无法形成联盟，而对于类似的公司，成本分摊联盟占主导地位。最后，它确定了均衡结果与最大化社会福利的均衡结果所不同的环境，从而强调了可以证明对技术园区的公共投资合理的一些条件。

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