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A METHOD FOR ELICITING UTILITIES AND ITS APPLICATION TO COLLECTIVE CHOICE

机译：一种实用程序的选择方法及其在集体选择中的应用

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Designing a mechanism that provides a direct incentive for an individual to report her utility function over several alternatives is a difficult task. A framework for such mechanism design is the following: an individual (a decision maker) is faced with an optimization problem (e.g., maximization of expected utility), and a mechanism designer observes the decision maker's action. The mechanism does reveal the individual's utility truthfully if the mechanism designer, having observed the decision maker's action, infers the decision maker's utilities over several alternatives. This paper studies an example of such a mechanism and discusses its application to the problem of optimal social choice. Under certain simplifying assumptions about individuals' utility functions and about how voters choose their voting strategies, this mechanism selects the alternative that maximizes Harsanyi's social utility function and is Pareto-efficient.
机译：设计一种机制可以直接激励个人报告自己的效用函数，而不是几种选择。这种机制设计的框架如下：个人（决策者）面临优化问题（例如，期望效用的最大化），机制设计者观察决策者的行为。如果机制设计者在观察了决策者的行为后，推断出决策者的效用超过了几种选择，则该机制确实如实地揭示了个人的效用。本文研究了这种机制的一个例子，并讨论了其在最佳社会选择问题中的应用。在关于个人效用函数以及选民如何选择其投票策略的某些简化假设下，该机制选择了使Harsanyi的社会效用函数最大化且帕累托有效的替代方案。

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