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'TAKE-THE-BEST' AND OTHER SIMPLE STRATEGIES: WHY AND WHEN THEY WORK 'WELL' WITH BINARY CUES

机译:“采取最佳”策略和其他简单策略:为什么以及何时使用二进制提示“很好”地工作

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摘要

The effectiveness of decision rules depends on characteristics of both rules and environments. A theoretical analysis of environments specifies the relative predictive accuracies of the "take-the-best" heuristic (TTB) and other simple strategies for choices between two outcomes based on binary cues. We identify three factors: how cues are weighted; characteristics of choice sets; and error. In the absence of error and for cases involving from three to five binary cues, TTB is effective across many environments. However, hybrids of equal weights (EW) and TTB models are more effective as environments become more compensatory. As error in the environment increases, the predictive ability of all models is systematically degraded. Indeed, using the data-sets of Gigerenzer et al. (1999, Simple Heuristics That Make Us Smart, New York: Oxford University Press), TTB and similar models do not predict much better than a naive model that exploits dominance. Finally, we emphasize that the results reported here are conditional on binary cues.
机译:决策规则的有效性取决于规则和环境的特征。对环境的理论分析指定了“最佳”启发式(TTB)的相对预测精度,以及基于二进制线索在两个结果之间进行选择的其他简单策略。我们确定三个因素:提示的加权方式;选择集的特征;和错误。在没有错误的情况下,对于涉及三到五个二进制提示的情况,TTB在许多环境中都是有效的。但是,随着环境变得更具补偿性,等重(EW)和TTB模型的混合更加有效。随着环境误差的增加,所有模型的预测能力都会系统地降低。实际上,使用Gigerenzer等人的数据集。 (1999年,《使我们变得聪明的简单启发法》,纽约:牛津大学出版社),TTB和类似模型的预测并没有比利用优势地位的幼稚模型好得多。最后,我们强调此处报告的结果取决于二进制提示。

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