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Practical beliefs vs. scientific beliefs: two kinds of maximization

机译:实践信念与科学信念:两种最大化

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摘要

There are two kinds of beliefs. If the ultimate objective is wellbeing (utility), the generated beliefs are “practical.” If the ultimate objective is truth, the generated beliefs are “scientific.” This article defends the practical/scientific belief distinction. The proposed distinction has been ignored by standard rational choice theory—as well as by its two major critics, viz., the Tversky/Kahneman program and the Simon/Gigerenzer program. One ramification of the proposed distinction is clear: agents who make errors with regard to scientific beliefs (e.g., the conjunction fallacy) should not be taken as committing irrationality—because they are most probably engaging the other kind of maximization, the pursuit of wellbeing.
机译:有两种信念。如果最终目标是幸福(实用),则产生的信念是“实用的”。如果最终目标是真理,那么产生的信念就是“科学的”。本文捍卫实践/科学信念的区别。标准的理性选择理论以及它的两个主要批评者,即特维尔斯基/卡尼曼计划和西蒙/吉格伦泽计划,都忽略了建议的区别。所提议的区别有一个明显的分支:在科学信念方面犯错误的行为者(例如合取谬误)不应被视为犯非理性行为,因为他们极有可能从事另一种最大化的追求,即追求幸福。

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