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首页> 外文期刊>Thermal engineering >Achieving More Efficient Removal of α-Emitting Radionuclides from the Primary Coolant in Propulsion Reactors
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Achieving More Efficient Removal of α-Emitting Radionuclides from the Primary Coolant in Propulsion Reactors

机译：在推进反应堆中从一级冷却剂中更有效地去除α排放放射性核素

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Abstract— The processes through which the α-emitting radionuclides contained in the primary circuit of a propulsion reactor are transferred in the circuit and removed from it in the standard ion-exchange filters are studied. The correlation between the behavior of transuranium elements and iron-containing corrosion product compounds in the primary circuit is considered. During reactor operation at steady power levels, α-emitting radionuclides reside, like iron compounds, predominantly in deposits on the circuit equipment surfaces. When hydrodynamic disturbances occur, these deposits transfer into coolant in the form of insoluble particles, thus intensifying the transfer of α-emitting radionuclides over the circuit. It has experimentally been found that the average deposition time of particles containing α-emitting radionuclides is larger than that of iron-containing particles (their deposition constants are equal to 0.6 h_(–1)and 0.9 h_(–1), respectively). This fact gives grounds to suppose that α-emitting radionuclides are nonuniformly distributed in corrosion product deposits and transfer into the coolant predominantly in the composition of particles having a smaller mean radius than that of iron-containing particles. As a result, the reactor’s standard ion-exchange filters show a relatively poor purification efficiency of α-emitting radionuclides (the purification constant is approximately 0.1 h_(–1)vs. 0.2 h_(–1)for corrosion product particles as a whole). The metering of hydrazine into the coolant results in that the repeated deposition rate of particles containing α-emitting radionuclides decreases by a factor of seven, due to which up to half of α-emitting radionuclides transferred into the coolant under the effect of hydrodynamic disturbance can be removed from it in the filters.
机译：摘要—研究了推进反应器一次回路中包含的发射α原子的放射性核素在回路中转移并在标准离子交换过滤器中从回路中去除的过程。考虑了一次回路中铀元素与含铁腐蚀产物化合物的行为之间的相关性。在反应堆以稳定功率水平运行期间，发射α射线的​​放射性核素（如铁化合物）主要留在电路设备表面的沉积物中。当发生流体动力扰动时，这些沉积物以不溶性颗粒的形式转移到冷却剂中，从而加强了发射α的放射性核素在回路上的转移。通过实验发现，含α发射放射性核素的颗粒的平均沉积时间要大于含铁颗粒的沉积时间（它们的沉积常数分别等于0.6 h _（-1）和0.9 h _（-1））。该事实有理由推测，发射α射线的​​放射性核素不均匀地分布在腐蚀产物沉积物中，并且主要在平均半径小于含铁粒子的平均半径的粒子组成中转移到冷却剂中。结果，反应堆的标准离子交换过滤器显示出发射α的放射性核素的净化效率相对较低（整个腐蚀产物颗粒的净化常数约为0.1 h _（– 1）vs。0.2 h _（-1））。 。将肼计量加入冷却剂中导致包含发射α的放射性核素的颗粒的重复沉积速率降低了七倍，因此，在流体动力扰动的作用下，多达一半的发射α的放射性核素可转移到冷却剂中从过滤器中将其移除。

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