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Applied Problems and Methodological Approaches to Planning and Implementation of Operating Conditions at District Heating Systems

机译：建立和实施区供暖系统运营条件的应用问题及方法论方法

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Abstract Problems in planning and implementation of the operating conditions for district heating systems (DHSs) are directly related to the controllability and permissibility of the conditions and the reliability, quality, and efficiency of the heat supply systems’ operation under various operating conditions. The operating conditions’ development should be aimed at minimizing operating costs related to implementing the operational modes taking into account the entire set of technical and technological restrictions. The decisive factor in implementing competent adjustment and planning DHS operating conditions is the performance of preliminary calculations directly by the operators. In this case, the condition-development engineer receives a computer model of the operating DHS at his disposal that allows justifying and conducting constant correction of the thermo-hydraulic conditions during the entire heating season under changing operational conditions. For example, when connecting new consumers, varying loads, and under forced changeovers caused by emergencies, they can calculate the postemergency modes and correct the control values when the operating variables exceed the permissible values. At the Institute for Energy Systems (Siberian Branch, Russian Academy of Sciences), a system of mathematical models and methods has been developed for calculating and analyzing the thermo-hydraulic conditions at DHSs. This system was implemented in the Angara-TS information–software package (ISP). The ISP an is integration of models, methods, and software with information technologies intended for automation of workplaces for condition-development engineers. Technology for developing operating conditions for large-scale DHSs that satisfy all technical restrictions, including the required heat supply level, is presented. The technology based on multilevel modeling has been verified when implementing the operating conditions of real DHSs in Irkutsk, Angarsk, Bratsk, Baykalsk, Petropavlovsk-Kamchatsky, and other cities. This article deals with the development of the operating conditions for the DHS of Cheremkhovo, a town in Irkutsk oblast, to supply heat power from a combined heat and power plant according to a new temperature schedule. Practical application of the technology developed for planning the real DHS operating conditions has revealed its great potential for energy saving and has significantly improved the quality of the heat supply. The operating conditions and adjustment measures developed using the Angara-TS information–software package allowed for a significant reduction in the circulating heating-medium flow rates, the consumption rate of the make-up water, the water drain by consumers, the energy consumed for transfer of the heating medium, and the cost of chemical water preparation and has ensured the required level of heat supply.
机译：摘要在区域供热系统（DHSS）的操作条件规划和实施中的问题与各种操作条件下的供热系统操作的可控性和可靠性，质量和效率直接相关。经营条件的发展应旨在最大限度地减少与实施操作模式相关的运营成本，同时考虑到整个技术和技术限制。实施主管调整和规划DHS操作条件的决定性因素是经营者直接初步计算的表现。在这种情况下，条件开发工程师在他的处置接收到操作DHS的计算机模型，其允许在改变操作条件下在整个加热季节期间对热液态条件进行合理和传导恒定校正。例如，在连接新的消费者，不同负载和紧急情况下的强制转换时，它们可以计算后后者模式并在操作变量超过允许值时校正控制值。在能源系统（西伯利亚分公司，俄罗斯科学院），已经开发了一种数学模型和方法来计算和分析DHSS的热液压条件。该系统是在Angara-TS信息软件包（ISP）中实现的。 ISP AN是集模型，方法和软件的集成，具有用于用于条件开发工程师的工作场所自动化的信息技术。提出了用于开发满足所有技术限制的大型DHS的操作条件的技术，包括所需的供热水平。在伊尔库茨克，鞍加斯克，布拉茨克，巴卡尔斯克，Petrovlovsk-kamchatsky等城市的实际DHSS运行条件时，基于多级建模的技术已经验证。本文涉及开发伊尔库茨克州的一个城镇的Cheremkovo的DHS的经营条件，根据新的温度时间表提供来自组合热电厂的热力。为规划实际应用的技术的实际应用揭示了其节能的巨大潜力，并显着提高了供热质量。使用ANGARA-TS信息软件包开发的操作条件和调整措施允许显着降低循环加热介质流量，化妆水的消耗率，消费者的水排放，消耗的能量加热介质的转移，以及化学水制剂的成本，并确保了所需的供热水平。

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