Normative and Legal Regulation for Implementing the Best Available Technologies in Russian Heat-and-Power Engineering

P. V. Roslyakov; O. E. Kondrat’eva; D. O. Skobelev; T. V. Guseva; A. Mikaelsson

摘要

—New legislation in the field of best available technology (BAT) has provided an incentive for the introduction of resource-efficient and environment-protecting technologies in the Russian thermal power industry. Switching to BAT is based on the principle of a successive achieving of the best economic and environmental efficiency indices of enterprises by means of a gradual displacement of obsolete technological and technical solutions to replace them by modern ones. In the framework of the implementation of the BAT Implementation federal project, the switching to such technologies is considered not only as an improvement of the environmental situation, which is very important in itself, but also as a comprehensive modernization of the entire industrial production linking economic and environmental goals to provide a balanced solution to the problems of sustainable economic growth and environmental improvement. The legal, scientific, technical, and financial problems that arise in the course of real BAT implementation at thermal power facilities with the greatest negative impact on the environment are described. Technological indices of pollutant emissions to the atmospheric air by thermal power plants have been compared with similar standards adopted in the European Union, the United States, and Kazakhstan. It is shown that the proposed technological emission indices do not promote any radical modernization of the industry and any real decrease in the negative impact on the environment. The reasons are considered and the need for the accelerated updating of the information-and-technical reference book ITS 38-2017 is argued. The analysis of the energy equipment of Russian thermal power plants has been carried out, and it has been proven that BAT implementation in order to ensure the technological indices established in ITS 38-2017 is not a technical or financial problem. The risks of the embodiment of the Implementation of BAT federal project are analyzed. It has been noted that continuing education programs in the field of BAT implementation is of importance.

机译：- 在最佳可用技术领域（BAT）领域的立法为俄罗斯热电行业引入资源效率和环境保护技术提供了激励。通过逐步的流离失所者通过过时的技术和技术解决方案逐渐取代来实现企业最佳经济和环境效率指标的原则，以通过现代技术解决方案逐步取代。在实施联邦项目的实施框架中，转向此类技术不仅被认为是对环境形势的改进，这本身非常重要，而且作为整个工业生产的全面现代化，这些工业生产与经济相连和环境目标为可持续经济增长和环境改善的问题提供均衡的解决方案。描述了在热电厂的真实BAT实施过程中产生的法律，科学，技术和财务问题，具有最大的对环境的负面影响。通过热电厂，热电厂对大气空气排放的技术指标与欧盟，美国和哈萨克斯坦采用的类似标准进行了比较。结果表明，拟议的技术排放指数不会促进行业的任何激进现代化，并且对环境产生负面影响的任何实际减少。审议了原因，据称，需要加速更新其38-2017的信息和技术参考书。已经进行了对俄罗斯火电厂的能量设备的分析，已被证明是为了确保其38-2017中成立的技术指标不是技术或财务问题。分析了实施BAT联邦项目实施的实施方式的风险。有人指出，BAT实施领域的继续教育计划具有重要性。

Normative and Legal Regulation for Implementing the Best Available Technologies in Russian Heat-and-Power Engineering

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