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Enhancing the Ecological and Operational Characteristics of Water Treatment Units at TPPs Based on Baromembrane Technologies

机译：基于Baromembrane技术增强TPPs水处理装置的生态和运行特性

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AbstractThe innovative baromembrane technologies for water demineralization were introduced at Russian TPPs more than 25 years ago. While being used in the power engineering industry of Russia, these technologies demonstrated certain advantages over the traditional ion-exchange and thermal technologies of makeup water treatment for steam boilers. Water treatment units based on the baromembrane technology are compact, easy to operate, and highly automated. The experience gained from the use of these units shows that their reliability depends directly on preliminary water treatment. The popular water pretreatment technology with coagulation by aluminum oxychloride proved to be inefficient during the seasonal changes of source water quality that occurs at some stations. The use of aluminum coagulant at pH 8 and higher does not ensure the stable and qualitative pretreatment regime: soluble aluminum forms slip on membranes of the ultrafiltration unit, thereby causing pollution and intoxication as well as leading to structural damages or worsening of mechanical properties of the membranes. The problem of increased pH and seasonal changes of the source water quality can be solved by substitution of the traditional coagulant into a new one. To find the most successful coagulant for water pretreatment, experiments have been performed on both qualitative and quantitative analysis of the content of natural organic matters in the Volga water and their structure. We have developed a software program and measured the concentrations of soluble aluminum and iron salts at different pH values of the source water. The analysis of the obtained results has indicated that iron sulfate at pH 6.0−10.2, in contrast to aluminum oxychloride, is not characterized by increased solubility. Thus, the basic process diagrams of water pretreatment based on baromembrane technologies with pretreatment through coagulation by iron salts and wastewater amount reducing from 60–40 to 5–2% have been introduced for thermal power stations.
机译：摘要 25年前，俄罗斯TPP引入了用于水脱盐的创新型防水膜技术。与俄罗斯的蒸汽工程锅炉补给水处理的传统离子交换和热技术相比，这些技术在俄罗斯的动力工程行业中得到了证明，具有某些优势。基于气压膜技术的水处理装置结构紧凑，易于操作且高度自动化。使用这些设备所获得的经验表明，它们的可靠性直接取决于初步的水处理。在某些站点发生的源水水质季节性变化过程中，流行的采用三氯化氧混凝的水预处理技术被证明是无效的。 pH为8或更高的铝凝结剂的使用不能确保稳定和定性的预处理方案：可溶性铝在超滤单元的膜上形成滑移，从而造成污染和中毒，并导致结构破坏或机械性能恶化。膜。通过将传统的混凝剂替换为新的混凝剂，可以解决pH值升高和源水水质季节性变化的问题。为了找到用于水预处理的最成功的混凝剂，已经对伏尔加河水中的天然有机物含量及其结构进行了定性和定量分析实验。我们已经开发了一个软件程序，并在源水的不同pH值下测量了可溶性铝盐和铁盐的浓度。对获得的结果的分析表明，与氯氧化铝相比，pH 6.0-10.2的硫酸铁没有增加溶解度的特征。因此，为火力发电站引入了基于重膜技术的水预处理，铁盐混凝预处理和废水量从60-40％降低到5-2％的基本过程图。

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