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Low-Emission Combustion of Fuel in Aeroderivative Gas Turbines

机译：航空衍生燃气轮机中燃料的低排放燃烧

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AbstractThe paper is the first of a planned set of papers devoted to the world experience in development of Low Emission combustors (LEC) for industrial Gas Turbines (GT). The purpose of the article is to summarize and analyze the most successful experience of introducing the principles of low-emission combustion of the so-called “poor” (low fuel concentration in air when the excess air ratio is about 1.9–2.1) well mixed fuelair mixtures in the LEC for GTs and ways to reduce the instability of combustion. The consideration examples are the most successful and widely used aero-derivative GT. The GT development meets problems related to the difference in requirements and operation conditions between the aero, industrial, and power production GT. One of the main problems to be solved is the LEC development to mitigate emissions of the harmful products first of all the Nitrogen oxides NOx. The ways to modify or convert the initial combustors to the LEC are shown. This development may follow location of multiburner mixers within the initial axial envelope dimensions or conversion of circular combustor to the can type one. The most interesting are Natural Gas firing GT without water injection into the operating process or Dry Low emission (DLE) combustors. The current GT efficiency requirement may be satisfied at compressor exit pressure above 3 MPa and Turbine Entry temperature (TET) above 1500°C. The paper describes LEC examples based on the concept of preliminary prepared air–fuel mixtures' combustion. Each combustor employs its own fuel supply control concept based on the fuel flow–power output relation. In the case of multiburner combustors, the burners are started subsequently under a specific scheme. The can type combustors have combustion zones gradually ignited following the GT power change. The combustion noise problem experienced in lean mixtures' combustion is also considered, and the problem solutions are described. The GT test results show wide ranges of stable operation at needed levels of NOxand CO emissions. The world experience analysis and generalization and investigation of the further development directions for the high performance GT will assist development of domestic LEC for prospective GTs.
机译：摘要 该论文是计划中的论文的第一部分，该论文致力于研究工业燃气轮机（GT）的低排放燃烧器（LEC）的世界经验。本文的目的是总结并分析引入所谓“较差”（当过量空气比率约为1.9-2.1时空气中的燃料浓度低）的低排放燃烧原理的最成功经验。 GT的LEC中的燃油空气混合物，以及减少燃烧不稳定性的方法。考虑的示例是最成功且使用最广泛的航空衍生GT。 GT的开发遇到了与航空，工业和电力生产GT之间的要求和操作条件不同有关的问题。要解决的主要问题之一是开发LEC，以首先减轻氮氧化物NO x 的有害产物排放。显示了将初始燃烧器修改或转换为LEC的方法。这种发展可能会跟随多燃烧器混合器在初始轴向包络尺寸内的位置或将圆形燃烧器转换为罐型的情况。最有趣的是在不向操作过程中注水的天然气燃烧GT或干式低排放（DLE）燃烧室。在压缩机出口压力高于3 MPa和涡轮机入口温度（TET）高于1500°C时，可以满足当前的GT效率要求。本文介绍了基于预备空燃混合物燃烧概念的LEC示例。每个燃烧室都基于燃料流量与功率输出的关系采用自己的燃料供应控制概念。在多燃烧器燃烧器的情况下，燃烧器随后根据特定方案启动。罐型燃烧器具有随GT功率变化而逐渐点燃的燃烧区。还考虑了稀薄混合物燃烧中遇到的燃烧噪声问题，并描述了问题的解决方案。 GT测试结果表明，在所需的NO x 和CO排放水平下，稳定的运行范围广泛。世界经验的分析以及对高性能GT进一步发展方向的概括和研究，将有助于国内LEC开发潜在的GT。

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