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All-Russia Thermal Engineering Institute Experience in Using Difficult to Burn Fuels in the Power Industry

机译：全俄罗斯热工学院在电力行业中难于燃烧燃料的经验

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This article presents the results of the research carried out at the All-Russia Thermal Engineering Institute (VTI) aimed at using saline coal, municipal solid waste and bark waste, sunflower husk, and nesting/manure materials from poultry farms. The results of saline coal burning experience in Troitsk and Verkhny Tagil thermal power plants (TPP) show that when switching the boiler to this coal, it is necessary to take into account its operating reliability and environmental safety. Due to increased chlorine content in saline coal, the concentration of hydrogen chloride can make over 500 mg/m~3. That this very fact causes the sharp increase of acidity in sludge and the resulting damage of hydraulic ash removal system equipment at these power stations has been proven. High concentration of HCl can trigger damage of the steam superheater due to high-temperature corrosion and result in a danger of low-temperature corrosion of air heating surfaces. Besides, increased HCl emissions worsen the environmental characteristics of the boiler operation on the whole. The data on waste-to-energy research for municipal solid waste (MSW) has been generalized. Based on the results of mastering various technologies of MSW thermal processing at special plants nos. 2 and 4 in Moscow, as well as laboratory, bench, and industrial studies, the principal technical solutions to be implemented in the modern domestic thermal power plant with the installed capacity of 24 MW and MSW as the primary fuel type has been developed. The experience of the VTI in burning various kinds of organic waste-bark waste, sunflower husk, and nesting/manure materials from poultry farms-has been analyzed.
机译：本文介绍了在全俄罗斯热工研究所（VTI）进行的研究结果，旨在使用盐煤，城市固体废物和树皮废物，葵花壳以及家禽场的筑巢/粪便材料。 Troitsk和Verkhny Tagil热电厂（TPP）的盐煤燃烧经验结果表明，将锅炉切换为这种煤时，有必要考虑其运行可靠性和环境安全性。由于盐煤中氯含量的增加，氯化氢的浓度可超过500 mg / m〜3。事实证明，这实际上会导致污泥中酸度的急剧增加，并导致这些发电厂中水力除灰系统设备的损坏。高浓度的HCl会由于高温腐蚀而触发蒸汽过热器损坏，并有可能导致空气加热表面发生低温腐蚀的危险。此外，HCl排放量的增加使锅炉运行的整体环境特征恶化。关于城市固体废物（MSW）废物转化为能源的研究数据已得到概括。根据掌握特殊工厂MSW热处理各种技术的结果。莫斯科的第2和第4站以及实验室，实验室和工业研究，已经开发出将在现代家庭热电厂中实施的主要技术解决方案，其装机容量为24 MW，MSW为主要燃料类型。分析了VTI燃烧各种有机废物的经验，包括树皮废物，葵花壳和家禽场的筑巢/粪便材料。

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