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Organic Coal-Water Fuel: Problems and Advances (Review)

机译：有机水煤燃料：问题与进展（回顾）

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摘要

The study results of ignition of organic coal-water fuel (OCWF) compositions were considered. The main problems associated with investigation of these processes were identified. Historical perspectives of the development of coal-water composite fuel technologies in Russia and worldwide are presented. The advantages of the OCWF use as a power-plant fuel in comparison with the common coal-water fuels (CWF) were emphasized. The factors (component ratio, grinding degree of solid (coal) component, limiting temperature of oxidizer, properties of liquid and solid components, procedure and time of suspension preparation, etc.) affecting inertia and stability of the ignition processes of suspensions based on the products of coal-and oil processing (coals of various types and metamorphism degree, filter cakes, waste motor, transformer, and turbine oils, water-oil emulsions, fuel-oil, etc.) were analyzed. The promising directions for the development of modern notions on the OCWF ignition processes were determined. The main reasons limiting active application of the OCWF in power generation were identified. Characteristics of ignition and combustion of coal-water and organic coal-water slurry fuels were compared. The effect of water in the composite coal fuels on the energy characteristics of their ignition and combustion, as well as ecological features of these processes, were elucidated. The current problems associated with pulverization of composite coal fuels in power plants, as well as the effect of characteristics of the pulverization process on the combustion parameters of fuel, were considered. The problems hindering the development of models of ignition and combustion of OCWF were analyzed. It was established that the main one was the lack of reliable experimental data on the processes of heating, evaporation, ignition, and combustion of OCWF droplets. It was concluded that the use of high-speed video recording systems and low-inertia sensors of temperature and gas concentration could help in providing the lacking experimental information.
机译：考虑了有机煤-水燃料（OCWF）组合物着火的研究结果。确定了与调查这些过程相关的主要问题。介绍了俄罗斯和世界范围内水煤复合燃料技术发展的历史观点。与普通的煤-水燃料（CWF）相比，强调了将OCWF用作发电厂燃料的优势。影响悬浮液着火过程惯性和稳定性的因素（组分比，固体（煤）组分的研磨度，氧化剂的极限温度，液体和固体组分的性质，悬浮液的制备过程和时间等）分析了煤和石油加工的产品（各种类型和变质程度的煤，滤饼，废电机，变压器和涡轮机油，水油乳化液，燃料油等）。确定了有关OCWF点火过程的现代概念发展的有希望的方向。确定了限制OCWF在发电中积极应用的主要原因。比较了水煤浆和有机水煤浆燃料的着火和燃烧特性。阐明了复合煤燃料中水对其点火和燃烧的能量特征以及这些过程的生态特征的影响。考虑了与发电厂中复合煤燃料的粉碎有关的当前问题，以及粉碎过程的特性对燃料燃烧参数的影响。分析了阻碍OCWF点火和燃烧模型发展的问题。已经确定主要的原因是缺乏关于OCWF液滴的加热，蒸发，着火和燃烧过程的可靠实验数据。结论是，使用高速视频记录系统和温度和气体浓度的低惯性传感器可以帮助提供缺乏的实验信息。

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