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Design and Layout Characteristics of Steam Turbine Condensers

机译：汽轮机冷凝器的设计与布置特点

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We present the results of investigations carried out during the development of steam turbine condensing systems comprising a condenser, an air removing device, and condensate and circulation systems. It is found that the tube bundle layout and the characteristics of devices for removing noncondensable gases have an essential effect on the heat transfer intensity and pressure in the condensers. The design of the heat-transfer surface of a condenser operating with constant velocity of steam during its condensation is described, and the procedure for calculating the area and configuration of such heat-transfer surface is outlined. Results from tests of such apparatuses are presented. It is shown that the heat-transfer coefficients in them are a factor of 1.5-3.0 higher than those in the existing condensers at a moderate velocity of cooling medium. A qualitative pattern of a change in the volume filled with noncondensable gases that occurs during a decrease of thermal load or drop of cooling medium temperature is shown taking as an example condensers with steam flowing inside the condenser tubes.
机译：我们介绍了在汽轮机冷凝系统的开发过程中进行的调查结果，该系统包括冷凝器，除气装置以及冷凝水和循环系统。已经发现，管束的布置和用于去除不可冷凝气体的装置的特性对冷凝器中的传热强度和压力具有重要影响。描述了冷凝器在冷凝期间以恒定的蒸汽速度运行的传热表面的设计，并概述了计算这种传热表面的面积和构造的过程。呈现了这种设备的测试结果。结果表明，在中等冷却速度下，它们的传热系数比现有冷凝器的传热系数高1.5-3.0倍。以在冷凝器管内流动有蒸汽的冷凝器为例，示出了在热负荷降低或冷却介质温度下降期间发生的充满不可冷凝气体的体积变化的定性模式。

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