Complex Technical and Economic Studies of Combined-Cycle Units with Flow Gasifiers

V. E. Nakoryakov; G. V. Nozdrenko; P. A. Shchinnikov; O. V. Borush; A. G. Kuzmin

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Complex Technical and Economic Studies of Combined-Cycle Units with Flow Gasifiers

机译：带有气化炉的联合循环装置的复杂技术和经济研究

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The method for determining the technical and economical indices of combined-cycle power plants (CCPPs) operating on coal with a low-charged steam generator and with a flow gasifier in combined production of electricity and heat, synthesis gas and hydrogen is considered. The results of analysis are presented and it is shown that such CCPPs have a higher technical and economical efficiency as compared to cogeneration plants (CPs) operating on pulverized coal and reconstructed with a gas-turbine topping. The material of this article is prepared in the framework of the Federal Targeted Program "Scientific and Scientific-Pedagogical Specialists of Innovative Russia for 2009-2013," application 1.2.2, the program "Research Works on Production of Fuels and Power from Organic Raw Materials."

机译：考虑了在电力和热能，合成气和氢气的联合生产中，确定使用低电荷量蒸汽发生器和流动气化炉在煤上运行的联合循环发电厂（CCPP）的技术和经济指标的方法。给出了分析结果，结果表明，与在粉煤上运行并用燃气轮机顶部改造的热电联产电厂（CP）相比，这种CCPP具有更高的技术和经济效率。本文的材料是在联邦目标计划“ 2009-2013年创新俄罗斯的科学和科学教育专家”，应用程序1.2.2和计划“有机原料生产燃料和动力的研究工作”的框架下编写的材料。”

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《Thermal engineering》 |2010年第14期|p.1197-1203|共7页
作者
V. E. Nakoryakov; G. V. Nozdrenko; P. A. Shchinnikov; O. V. Borush; A. G. Kuzmin;
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GOU VPO Novosibirsk State Technical University, Novosibirsk, 630092 Russia;

rnGOU VPO Novosibirsk State Technical University, Novosibirsk, 630092 Russia;

rnGOU VPO Novosibirsk State Technical University, Novosibirsk, 630092 Russia;

rnGOU VPO Novosibirsk State Technical University, Novosibirsk, 630092 Russia;

rnGOU VPO Novosibirsk State Technical University, Novosibirsk, 630092 Russia;

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7. : "This paper deals with the functionality of the flaked stone assemblages from several Neolithic sites of the NE of the Iberian Peninsula. The chronological framework ranges from the mid-6th to the mid-4th millennium cal. BCE, which corresponds to the Early and Middle Neolithic. This long period ranges from the arrival of the first farming communities in the Iberian Peninsula, around 5600-5500 cal. BCE, to 3600-3500 cal. BCE, two millennia later, when Neolithic communities had stably occupied most of the available territory, from the mountainous areas of the Pyrenees to the coastal areas of the Mediterranean.In this context, the NE of the Iberian Peninsula is one of the areas where a major number of use-wear analyses have been carried out, especially for what concerns the Neolithic period. This is mainly due to the interest shown by the directors of the excavations and by the Spanish use-wear specialists as well; both participated and cooperated in order to enlarge the number of contexts studied, making the NE of the Iberian Peninsula one of the areas of Europe with the largest number of ‘functional studies’. As a result, today we have a reliable picture of the type of lithic tools used by the first farming groups, how they were used, and which needs they were satisfying.The methodology employed for this type of analysis is today broadly shared by most use-wear specialists. A stereoscopic microscope is used together with a reflected-light microscope for the analysis of the archaeological specimens. Afterwards, the observed use-wear traces are compared with the traces from experimental tools. This study primarily made use of the tools preserved at the ‘Traceoteque’ of the Institución Milà y Fontanals of the CSIC of Barcelona.This paper presents the results obtained for the different types of analysed sites and the relative lithic assemblages. In this way, tools from different contexts are compared: open-air sites, caves and rock-shelters, pit-sites, burials, and mining sites. Such a diversity of contexts allowed for the exploration of the existence of recurrences and differences in the functionality of the lithic tools from one site to another. The results obtained have also provided information on some aspects related to the economic processes carried out at the different sites, caves, rock-shelters and open-air contexts. It has been possible to gain fresh data on the types of tasks carried out and their relative importance for each site, their relation with the geographical and environmental context and the natural resources available there. In addition, analysing tools recovered from burials – mainly individual inhumations – provided information on the relationships between the buried individuals and the working tools, in particular exploring the relationships between sex and age patterns and the types of tools deposited as goods.In conclusion, use-wear analysis allowed for the exploration of a variety of issues; from technical aspects related to the production and management of the lithic resources to social aspects related to the subsistence activities and the individuals that carried them out." [O] . Gibaja Bao, Juan Francisco, Mazzucco, Niccolo 2015

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Complex Technical and Economic Studies of Combined-Cycle Units with Flow Gasifiers

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