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首页> 外文期刊>Tobacco control >Secondhand smoke and smoking restrictions in casinos: a review of the evidence
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Secondhand smoke and smoking restrictions in casinos: a review of the evidence

机译：赌场的二手烟和吸烟限制：证据审查

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摘要

Objective There is no safe level of secondhand smoke (SHS) exposure. Most US casinos continue to allow smoking, thus exposing workers and patrons to the hazards of SHS. This paper reviews the scientific literature on air quality, SHS exposure, health effects and economic outcomes related to SHS and smoking restrictions in casinos, as well as on smoking prevalence among casino patrons and problem gamblers. Data sources Peer reviewed studies published from January 1998 to March 2011. Data synthesis Evidence from air quality, biomarker and survey studies indicates that smoking in casinos is a significant public health problem. Workers and patrons in casinos that allow smoking are exposed to high levels of SHS, as documented by elevated levels of SHS constituents in the air of casinos and by elevated levels of tobacco-specific biomarkers in non-smokers' blood, urine and saliva. Partial smoking restrictions in casinos do not effectively protect non-smokers from SHS. Findings suggest that the smoking prevalence of casino patrons is comparable with that of the general public, although this prevalence may be higher among problem gamblers. Few studies have examined the economic impact of smoke-free policies in casinos, and the results of these studies are mixed. Conclusions Employees and patrons are exposed to SHS in casinos, posing a significant, preventable risk to their health. Policies completely prohibiting smoking in casinos would be expected to greatly reduce or eliminate SHS exposure in casinos, thereby protecting the health of casino workers and patrons.
机译：目的没有安全的二手烟暴露水平。美国大多数赌场继续允许吸烟，从而使工人和顾客受到SHS危害。本文回顾了有关空气质量，SHS暴露，与赌场中SHS和吸烟限制有关的健康影响和经济结果以及赌场顾客和问题赌徒中吸烟率的科学文献。数据来源Peer审查了1998年1月至2011年3月发表的研究。数据综合来自空气质量，生物标志物和调查研究的证据表明，在赌场吸烟是一个重大的公共卫生问题。赌场中允许吸烟的工人和顾客暴露于高水平的SHS中，如赌场中空气中SHS成分水平的升高以及非吸烟者血液，尿液和唾液中烟草特异性生物标记物水平的升高所证明。赌场中的部分吸烟限制不能有效地保护非吸烟者免受SHS危害。研究结果表明，赌场顾客的吸烟率与普通公众相当，尽管问题赌徒的吸烟率可能更高。很少有研究检查赌场无烟政策对经济的影响，这些研究的结果好坏参半。结论员工和顾客在赌场中接触过SHS，对他们的健康构成了重大且可预防的风险。完全禁止在赌场吸烟的政策有望大大减少或消除赌场中的SHS暴露，从而保护赌场工作人员和顾客的健康。

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  • 来源
    《Tobacco control》 |2015年第1期|11-17|共7页
  • 作者

    Stephen Babb; Carrie McNeil; Judy Kruger; Michael A Tynan;

  • 作者单位

    Office on Smoking and Health, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, 4770 Buford Highway, NE, Mailstop F-79, Atlanta, GA 30341;

    Global Environmental Health Department, Rollins School of Public Health, Emory University, Atlanta, Georgia, USA;

    Office on Smoking and Health, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Atlanta, Georgia, USA;

    Office on Smoking and Health, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Atlanta, Georgia, USA;

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