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Innovation Policy Challenges in Transition Countries: Foreign Business R&D in the Czech Republic and Hungary

机译:转型国家的创新政策挑战:捷克共和国和匈牙利的外国企业研发

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摘要

R&D expenditures of national firms decreased considerably and structural changes of R&D financing followed the fall of planned economy in the transition period of Central Eastern European economies. In the middle of the 1990s, business R&D started to grow in the Czech Republic and Hungary due to investments of foreign affiliates and restructuring of domestic companies. Nowadays multinational companies have a decisive share in business R&D in these countries, which entails special challenges for national innovation policy. In this paper, we look through the development of the Czech and Hungarian innovation policy considering MNEs R&D. We use case studies of the Czech automobile industry, the Hungarian pharmaceutical industry, and the new MNE-related university units and private universities to show how these companies influence innovation systems in transition economies.
机译:在东欧中部经济转型时期,随着计划经济的下滑,国有企业的研发支出大幅下降,研发融资的结构变化。在1990年代中期,由于外国子公司的投资和国内公司的重组,业务研发在捷克共和国和匈牙利开始增长。如今,跨国公司在这些国家的业务研发中占有决定性的份额,这给国家创新政策带来了特殊挑战。在本文中,我们将考虑跨国公司的研发,探讨捷克和匈牙利创新政策的发展。我们以捷克汽车业,匈牙利制药业以及与跨国公司相关的新大学和私立大学的案例研究为例,来说明这些公司如何影响转型经济中的创新系统。

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