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Electrification of urban mobility: The case of catenary-free buses

机译：城市交通电气化：无接触式公交车的案例

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摘要

Electric mobility is now a reality, and services based on electric vehicles, such as electric car-sharing and electric buses, are becoming part of urban mobility. These new modes bring new challenges for the design and operations of the systems that require specific decision support tools for the evaluation of the service performance. In order to pave the way toward integrated electrified urban mobility, an operational tool is needed that enables the technology to be successfully implemented in practice. This paper proposes a simulation framework for the evaluation of electric vehicle operations. The framework is composed of a simplified traffic simulator, an energy consumption model, and a speed profile model. A macroscopic representation of the energy consumption is derived from a nanosomic energy model. This allows limiting the computation time. Then, a stochastic representation of the stopping profile is defined, which is essential to derive the speed profile in case of missing data. The framework generates a distribution of the key performance indicators, like the battery state of charge, for a large number of scenarios. The utility of the framework is illustrated on the case study of a public transport service using catenary-free electric buses in combination with fast charging stations. The results quantify the probability that the on-board batteries reach a low state of charge, and they evaluate the effects of different strategies to reduce this probability. This information is useful for transport planners to dimension the system correctly.
机译：电动出行现已成为现实，基于电动车的服务（如电动汽车共享和电动公交车）正在成为城市出行的一部分。这些新模式给系统的设计和操作带来了新的挑战，这些系统要求使用特定的决策支持工具来评估服务性能。为了为通向城市电气化一体化铺平道路，需要一种操作工具，使该技术能够在实践中成功实施。本文提出了用于评估电动汽车运行的仿真框架。该框架由简化的交通模拟器，能耗模型和速度曲线模型组成。能量消耗的宏观表示是从纳米能量模型得出的。这允许限制计算时间。然后，定义了停止曲线的随机表示，这对于丢失数据时导出速度曲线至关重要。该框架针对许多场景生成关键性能指标的分布，例如电池的充电状态。该框架的实用性在使用无链电动巴士结合快速充电站的公共交通服务的案例研究中得到了说明。结果量化了车载电池达到低电量状态的可能性，并且他们评估了降低这种可能性的不同策略的效果。此信息对于运输计划人员正确设置系统尺寸非常有用。

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  • 来源
    《Transport policy》 |2019年第8期|39-48|共10页
  • 作者

    Scarinci Riccardo; Zanarini Alessandro; Bierlaire Michel;

  • 作者单位

    Ecole Polytech Fed Lausanne, Sch Architecture Civil & Environm Engn ENAC, Transport & Mobil Lab TRANSP OR, Lausanne, Switzerland;

    ABB Corp Res Ctr, Baden, Switzerland;

    Ecole Polytech Fed Lausanne, Sch Architecture Civil & Environm Engn ENAC, Transport & Mobil Lab TRANSP OR, Lausanne, Switzerland;

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