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首页> 外文期刊>Transport policy >Would the replacement of park-and-ride facilities with transit-oriented development reduce vehicle kilometers traveled in an auto-oriented US region?
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Would the replacement of park-and-ride facilities with transit-oriented development reduce vehicle kilometers traveled in an auto-oriented US region?

机译：以公交为导向的发展取代停车和乘车设施是否会减少在以汽车为导向的美国地区行驶的车辆公里数？

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摘要

One often sees large park-and-ride (P&R) facilities surrounding major transit stations. These parking facilities provide a practical way to increase ridership, but it is less clear how well they serve broader sustainability goals. For example, using scarce station area land for transit-oriented development (TOD) rather than parking may provide a better approach to reducing vehicle kilometers travelled (VKT). This research represents an effort to explore the relative VKT reduction associated with P&R as compared to TOD. A survey of transit users in Charlotte, NC is used to estimate the VKT generated by users of P&R facilities at light rail stations. The estimated VKT is then compared to the VKT that is predicted to occur under hypothetical scenarios in which these parking facilities are replaced with TOD. At four of the seven stations examined in this study, replacing a P&R facility with a moderately dense housing (100 units per hectare) is predicted to result in a net VKT reduction. On the other hand, there is no feasible scenario in which a net VKT reduction can be achieved by replacing the suburban terminal parking structure with TOD. To the degree that VKT reduction is an important outcome of transit provision, the results of this research indicate that conversion of P&R to TOD (or forgoing P&R in the first place) should receive strong consideration at some stations, even in highly auto-oriented contexts such as Charlotte.
机译：人们经常看到大型公交车站周围有大型的停车和乘车（P＆R）设施。这些停车设施提供了增加乘车人数的实用方法，但尚不清楚它们如何为更广泛的可持续发展目标服务。例如，将稀缺的车站区域土地用于公交导向发展（TOD）而不是停车，可能会提供一种更好的方法来减少行进的车辆公里数（VKT）。这项研究代表了探索与TOD相比与P＆R相关的VKT相对降低的努力。对北卡罗来纳州夏洛特市的公交用户进行了一项调查，以估算轻轨车站P＆R设施用户产生的VKT。然后将估计的VKT与预测的VKT进行比较，在这些假设的场景中，这些停车设施被TOD取代。在本研究中检查的七个站点中的四个站点，用中等密度的住房（每公顷100个单位）替换P＆R设施预计会导致VKT净减少。另一方面，没有可行的方案可以通过用TOD替换郊区终端停车结构来实现净VKT降低。在一定程度上，降低VKT是过境提供的重要结果，这项研究的结果表明，即使在高度自动化的情况下，P＆R向TOD的转换（或首先放弃P＆R）也应在某些站点得到大力考虑。例如夏洛特。

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