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Toll-managed lanes: A simplified benefit-cost analysis of seven US projects

机译：收费管理车道：对七个美国项目的简化的成本效益分析

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摘要

Toll managed lanes are expressway lanes where tolls are used-often in combination with preferred access for high occupancy vehicles and other special traffic management techniques-to improve the highway's capacity, speed or reliability. Such lanes have become popular with transportation policymakers as a way of maintaining free-flowing traffic on certain sections of the highway while also, in some cases, financing the construction of new lanes in congested urban areas. This study examines whether toll-managed lanes are as beneficial as they are popular. The heart of the analysis is the application of a simplified social benefit-cost analysis (BCA) to seven projects. In brief, our results paint a complicated picture of toll-managed lane efficacy. Only two of the seven projects have benefit-cost (B/C) ratios above 1.0 using our base case assumptions about the value of travel time saved and the discount rate, although three others approach or exceed 1.0 with more optimistic but plausible assumptions. The most successful generate not only a significant savings of around 4-5 min per trip for motorists who switch to the managed lane but also smaller per-trip savings for the large majority of motorists who continue to use the general-purpose lanes. It is important to acknowledge, however, that these calculations depend upon some uncertain assumptions about the value of travel time savings and improved reliability.
机译：收费管理车道是指高速公路上使用收费的车道，通常结合高占用率车辆的优先通道和其他特殊交通管理技术来提高高速公路的通行能力，速度或可靠性。这种车道已在交通政策制定者中流行，作为维持高速公路某些路段上的自由通行交通的一种方式，同时在某些情况下还为在拥挤的城市地区建设新车道提供了资金。这项研究检查了收费公路是否既受欢迎又有益。分析的核心是将简化的社会收益成本分析（BCA）应用于七个项目。简而言之，我们的结果描绘了通行费管理车道效率的复杂情况。使用我们关于节省的旅行时间和折现率的基本案例假设，七个项目中只有两个具有高于1.0的收益/成本（B / C）比率，尽管其他三个项目在更乐观但更合理的假设下接近或超过1.0。对于那些改用管理车道的驾车者来说，最成功的举动不仅可以节省大约4-5分钟的每次旅行费用，而且对于大多数继续使用通用车道的驾车者来说，每次旅行可以节省更少的费用。然而，重要的是要承认，这些计算取决于关于节省旅行时间和提高可靠性的价值的一些不确定性假设。

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