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Evaluating the impacts and benefits of public transport design and operational measures

机译：评估公共交通设计和运营措施的影响和收益

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摘要

Design and operational measures are designed and implemented to improve public transport performance and level-of-service. In the case of urban bus systems, priority, operational and control measures are aimed to elevate bus services to buses with high level of service (BHLS). Even though there is an explosive growth in design and operational measures implementation and growing research interest in investigating their impact on performance indicators, there is lack of a systematic evaluation of their benefits. We present an evaluation framework and a detail sequence of steps for quantifying the impacts of public transport design and operational measures. The effects of service performance on travel times and costs are assessed by accounting for relations between reliability and waiting times, crowding and perceived travel times, and vehicle scheduling and operational costs. The evaluation integrates the implications of reliability on generalized passenger travel costs and operational costs. We deploy the proposed evaluation framework to a field experiment in Stockholm where a series of measures were implemented on the busiest bus line. The results suggest that the total passenger and operator benefits amount to 36.8 million Swedish crowns on an annual basis. The overall assessment of the impacts of design and operational measures enables the comparison of different implementations, assess their effectiveness, prioritize alternative measures and provide a sound basis for motivating investments. (C) 2016 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.
机译：设计和实施措施和设计措施以改善公共交通的绩效和服务水平。就城市公交系统而言，优先，运营和控制措施旨在将公交服务提升为高服务水平（BHLS）的公交车。尽管设计和操作措施的实施呈爆炸性增长，并且越来越有研究兴趣调查其对绩效指标的影响，但仍缺乏对其益处的系统评估。我们提出了一个评估框架和详细的步骤顺序，以量化公共交通设计和运营措施的影响。通过考虑可靠性和等待时间，拥挤和可感知的旅行时间以及车辆调度和运营成本之间的关系，可以评估服务性能对旅行时间和成本的影响。该评估综合了可靠性对广义旅客旅行成本和运营成本的影响。我们将拟议的评估框架部署到斯德哥尔摩的实地实验，并在最繁忙的公交线上实施了一系列措施。结果表明，每年为旅客和运营商带来的总收益达3680万瑞典克朗。通过对设计和操作措施的影响进行总体评估，可以比较不同的实施方案，评估其有效性，确定替代措施的优先级并为激励投资提供良好的基础。 （C）2016 Elsevier Ltd.保留所有权利。

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