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Transport policy in Australia-Evolution, learning and policy transfer

机译：澳大利亚的交通政策-演变，学习和政策转移

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摘要

Urban transport policy in Australia has changed markedly over the period since the first generation of modern urban transport strategies were published in the 1960s. This is illustrated through a review of 43 transport strategies published for the five largest cities (Sydney, Melbourne, Brisbane, Perth and Adelaide) in Australia between 1965 and 2010. The review is complemented with observations from a survey of public servants in the policy and strategy divisions of state and territory transport agencies. The results of this research are examined using the Dolowitz-Marsh framework, considering the need to seek policy transfer, who is involved, what is transferred, from where policy lessons are learnt, the degree of transfer, constraints to policy learning and demonstration that transfer has occurred. The evidence for policy transfer and learning is mixed. Transport policy adopted by the states of Australia for their respective capital cities has been remarkably similar between the cities and has changed in a similar way over time, indicating the almost seamless transfer of concepts. Less positively, there is little published evidence that the performance of previous strategies has been critically examined and lessons learned, and that the approaches adopted in strategies are superior to alternative approaches and are able to achieve the objectives set for them.
机译：自1960年代发布第一代现代城市交通策略以来，澳大利亚的城市交通政策发生了显着变化。 1965年至2010年期间，针对澳大利亚五个最大城市（悉尼，墨尔本，布里斯班，珀斯和阿德莱德）发布的43种交通运输策略的评论对此进行了说明。该评论辅以对政策和政策的公务员调查的观察结果的补充。国家和地区运输机构的战略部门。使用Dolowitz-Marsh框架检查了这项研究的结果，考虑了寻求政策转移的需要，涉及的人员，转移的内容，从中学习政策的经验，转移的程度，对政策学习的限制以及转移的示范已经发生了。政策转移和学习的证据是混杂的。澳大利亚各州针对其各自首府城市采取的交通政策在各城市之间已非常相似，并且随着时间的推移以类似的方式发生了变化，这表明概念几乎是无缝转移的。较不积极的是，几乎没有公开的证据表明以前的策略的性能已受到严格审查并吸取了教训，并且策略中采用的方法优于替代方法并且能够实现为它们设定的目标。

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