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首页> 外文期刊>Transport in Porous Media >Drying Kinetics of Porous Stones in the Presence of NaCl and NaNO_3: Experimental Assessment of the Factors Affecting Liquid and Vapour Transport
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Drying Kinetics of Porous Stones in the Presence of NaCl and NaNO_3: Experimental Assessment of the Factors Affecting Liquid and Vapour Transport

机译：NaCl和NaNO_3存在下多孔石头的干燥动力学：影响液体和蒸汽传输的因素的实验评估

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摘要

Salt decay is one of the most harmful and complex deterioration mechanisms of porous building materials in architectural heritage. Despite several decades of research, it is still insufficiently understood, which hampers the development of effective treatments and prediction models. One key aspect is the influence soluble salts have on the evaporative drying of porous materials. It is often observed, for example, that drying is slower for higher salt concentrations. However, there is still no consensus as to why it happens. In this article, we examine experimentally the drying kinetics of three natural stones impregnated with solutions of sodium chloride or sodium nitrate with different concentrations. The method consisted of the following sequence of determinations: capillary absorption, drying kinetics, vapour pressure and vapour conductivity. It also included a morphological analysis of the efflorescence formed during drying. We have concluded that the slower drying rate was mainly due to the reduced sorptivity that arises at higher salt concentrations. In the cases where compact salt crusts formed on the surface of the stone, there was an additional reduction in the drying rate because these crusts obstructed vapour transport. However, in most cases, efflorescence was porous and had negligible obstructive effects. Efflorescence morphology is conditioned by well-determined causal factors, such as porosity, pore size and mineralogical structure of the stone, or the type of salt and its concentration. Here, it also revealed that it incorporated a component of unpredictability. This suggests that it may be necessary to move beyond purely deterministic approaches to salt decay.
机译：盐分腐蚀是建筑遗产中多孔建筑材料最有害，最复杂的退化机制之一。尽管进行了数十年的研究，但仍然缺乏足够的了解，这阻碍了有效治疗方法和预测模型的开发。一个关键方面是可溶性盐对多孔材料蒸发干燥的影响。例如，经常观察到，盐浓度越高，干燥速度就越慢。但是，关于为什么会发生，仍然没有共识。在本文中，我们通过实验检查了三种不同浓度的氯化钠或硝酸钠溶液浸渍的天然石材的干燥动力学。该方法由以下确定顺序组成：毛细管吸收，干燥动力学，蒸气压和蒸气传导率。它还包括干燥过程中形成的风化的形态分析。我们已经得出结论，较慢的干燥速度主要是由于在较高的盐浓度下降低的吸附性。在结石表面形成致密的盐结皮的情况下，干燥速度会进一步降低，因为这些结皮阻碍了蒸汽的传输。但是，在大多数情况下，风化是多孔的，并且阻塞作用可忽略不计。花序的形态取决于确定的因果关系，例如孔隙率，孔径和石材的矿物结构，或盐的种类及其浓度。在这里，它还显示出它包含了不可预测性。这表明可能有必要超越纯粹的确定性方法来进行盐衰减。

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