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A valuation of the environmental performance of vehicles: an analysis and comparison of two methodologies

机译：车辆环境性能评估：两种方法的分析和比较

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摘要

The European Clean Vehicle Directive was introduced in 2009 to create an obligation on public authorities to take into account the impact of energy consumption, carbon dioxide (CO2) emissions and pollutant emissions into their purchasing decisions for road transport vehicles. This should stimulate the market for clean and energy-efficient vehicles and improve transport's impact on environment, climate change and energy use. Therefore the so-called 'Operational Lifetime Cost' of a vehicle is calculated, divided into the cost for energy consumption, CO2 and pollutant (nitrous oxide, particulate matter, non-methane hydrocarbons) emissions. In Belgium, a different methodology has been developed to calculate the environmental impact of a vehicle, called 'Ecoscore', based on a well-to-wheel approach. More pollutants are included compared to the Clean Vehicle methodology, but also indirect emissions are taken into account. In this paper, both methodologies are compared and used to analyze the environmental performance of passenger cars with different fuel types and from different vehicle segments. Similar rankings between both methodologies are obtained; however, the large impact of energy use (and CO2 emissions) in the Clean Vehicle methodology disadvantages compressed natural gas cars, as well as diesel cars equipped with particulate filters, compared to the Ecoscore methodology.
机译：2009年引入了《欧洲清洁车辆指令》，以规定公共当局有义务在其道路运输车辆的购买决策中考虑能源消耗，二氧化碳（CO2）排放和污染物排放的影响。这将刺激清洁和节能车辆的市场，并改善运输对环境，气候变化和能源使用的影响。因此，计算出了车辆的所谓“运营生命周期成本”，该成本分为能耗成本，CO2和污染物（一氧化二氮，颗粒物，非甲烷碳氢化合物）排放量。在比利时，已经开发了一种不同的方法来计算车辆对环境的影响，称为“ Ecoscore”。与“清洁车辆”方法相比，包含了更多的污染物，但也考虑了间接排放。在本文中，将这两种方法进行了比较，并用于分析具有不同燃料类型和不同细分市场的乘用车的环境性能。两种方法之间的排名相似。但是，与Ecoscore方法相比，清洁车辆方法中能源使用（和CO2排放）的巨大影响不利于压缩天然气汽车以及配备微粒过滤器的柴油汽车。

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