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Case Study Analysis of Pedestrian and Bicycle Data Collection in U.S. Communities

机译：美国社区行人和自行车数据收集的案例分析

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摘要

Federal funding for pedestrian and bicycle transportation has increased over the past 15 years, with a resulting increase in shared-use pathways, paved shoulders, bicycle lanes, and sidewalks in many parts of the United States. This has caused communities to ask questions: Where is pedestrian and bicycle activity taking place? What effect does facility construction have on levels of bicycling and walking? What are the characteristics of nonmotorized transportation users? How many miles of pedestrian and bicycle facilities are available? Where are existing facilities located? This paper provides a summary of recent research that was sponsored by FHWA and the Pedestrian and Bicycle Information Center to review and evaluate bicycle and pedestrian data collection methods throughout the United States. It uses a case study approach to evaluate pedestrian and bicycle data collection in 29 different agencies throughout the country in communities ranging in size from 6,000 residents (Sandpoint, Idaho) to 8 million residents (New York City). These case studies are analyzed in the following data collection categories: manual counts, automated counts, surveys targeting nonmotorized transportation users, surveys sampling a general population, inventories, and spatial analyses. The results provide information about the methods and the optimum timing for pedestrian and bicycle data collection; emerging technologies that can be used to gather and analyze data; the benefits, limitations, and costs of different data collection techniques; and implications for a national data collection strategy.
机译：在过去的15年中，联邦对行人和自行车交通的资助有所增加，因此在美国许多地方，共享使用的道路，铺设的路肩，自行车道和人行道的使用也有所增加。这引起了社区的疑问：行人和自行车活动在哪里进行？设施建设对骑自行车和步行的水平有何影响？非机动运输用户的特点是什么？有多少英里的行人和自行车设施可用？现有设施在哪里？本文提供了由FHWA和行人与自行车信息中心赞助的最新研究的摘要，以审查和评估整个美国的自行车和行人数据收集方法。它使用案例研究的方法来评估全国29个不同机构的行人和自行车数据收集，社区的规模从6,000名居民（爱达荷州的桑德波因特）到800万名居民（纽约市）。这些案例研究在以下数据收集类别中进行了分析：手动计数，自动计数，针对非机动运输用户的调查，对总体人口进行抽样的调查，清单和空间分析。结果提供有关行人和自行车数据收集方法和最佳时机的信息；可用于收集和分析数据的新兴技术；不同数据收集技术的好处，局限性和成本；及其对国家数据收集策略的影响。

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