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首页> 外文期刊>Transportation Research >On a pathway to de-carbonization - A comparison of new passenger car CO_2 emission standards and taxation measures in the G20 countries
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On a pathway to de-carbonization - A comparison of new passenger car CO_2 emission standards and taxation measures in the G20 countries

机译：走向脱碳之路-G20国家新乘用车CO_2排放标准和税收措施的比较

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Considering the role of transport for a 1.5 Degree stabilization pathway and the importance of light-duty vehicle fuel efficiency within that, it is important to understand the key elements of a policy package to shape the energy efficiency of the vehicle fleet. This paper presents an analysis focusing on three types of policy measures: (1) CO2emission standards for new vehicles, (2) vehicle taxation directly and indirectly based on CO2emission levels, and (3) fuel taxation. The paper compares the policies in the G20 economies and estimates the financial impact of those policies using the example of a Ford Focus vehicle model. This analysis is a contribution to the assessment of the role of the transport sector in global decarbonisation efforts. The findings of this paper show that only an integrated approach of regulatory and fiscal policy measures can yield substantial efficiency gains in the vehicle fleet and can curb vehicle kilometres travelled by individual motorised transport. Using the illustrative example of one vehicle model, the case study analysis shows that isolated measures, e.g. fuel efficiency regulation without corresponding fuel and vehicle taxes only have minor CO2emission reduction effects and that policy measures need to be combined in order to achieve substantial emission reduction gains over time. The analysis shows that the highest level of impact is achieved by a combination regulatory and fiscal policies rather than only one policy even if this policy is more aggressive. When estimating the quantitative effect of fuel efficiency standards, vehicle and fuel tax, the analysis shows that substantial gains with regard to CO2emission are only achieved at a financial impact level above 500 Euros over a four year period.
机译：考虑到运输对于1.5度稳定化道路的作用以及其中的轻型车辆燃油效率的重要性，重要的是要了解制定政策方案的关键要素以影响车队的能源效率。本文针对以下三种政策措施进行了分析：（1）新车的CO2排放标准；（2）基于CO2排放水平的车辆直接和间接征税；以及（3）燃油税。本文比较了二十国集团（G20）经济体中的政策，并以福特福克斯（Ford Focus）车辆模型为例评估了这些政策的财务影响。该分析有助于评估运输部门在全球脱碳工作中的作用。本文的研究结果表明，只有采用监管和财政政策措施的综合方法，才能在车队中获得可观的效率提高，并可以遏制个人机动车辆行驶的公里数。使用一种车辆模型的说明性示例，案例研究分析显示了孤立的措施，例如没有相应的燃油税和车辆税的燃油效率法规仅会产生较小的CO2减排效果，并且需要结合政策措施以实现随着时间的推移可观的减排。分析表明，即使监管政策更具侵略性，但通过监管政策和财政政策相结合而不是仅通过一项政策，就可以实现最高水平的影响。在估算燃油效率标准，车辆和燃油税的量化效果时，分析表明，仅在四年内财务影响水平超过500欧元的情况下，才能实现二氧化碳排放的可观收益。

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