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Evaluating household residential preferences for walkability and accessibility across three U.S. regions

机译：评估美国三个地区的居民对步行和出入的偏好

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Accessibility has been established as a major planning goal in recent years. However, little knowledge exists regarding how individuals value walkability, transit accessibility, and auto accessibility differently when deciding where to live. To fill this knowledge gap, this study conducts residential location choice modeling across three U.S. regions-Atlanta, Puget Sound, and Southeast Michigan. I find that, overall, all three types of accessibility are important determinants of residential location choice. Transit accessibility has a statistically significant positive influence on residential location choice across all three regions. On auto accessibility, results show that commute time by auto has the greatest influence on residential location choice among all independent variables, but auto accessibility to nonwork destinations appears to be inconsequential. Moreover, walkability is found to be a key determinant of residential location choice in the Puget Sound region but not the other two regions. I argue that these regional differences result from a lack of choice among Atlanta and Southeast Michigan residents, that is, a undersupply of walkable neighborhoods inhibits households in the two regions from living in such neighborhoods. This finding suggests the need for cities and regions to promote pedestrian-oriented development in order to broaden residential choice. The results further imply that, due to housing-supply constraints, households often have to live in a neighborhood with a level of accessibility lower than what they prefer. Transportation and land-use planners should address this "residential dissonance" when applying residential location choice models to predict land-use growth patterns.
机译：近年来，可访问性已被确定为主要计划目标。但是，关于个人在决定居住地时如何看待步行性，交通可及性和自动可及性的知识很少。为了填补这一知识空白，本研究在美国三个地区-亚特兰大，普吉特海湾和密歇根州东南部进行了住宅区位选择建模。我发现，总体而言，所有这三种类型的可访问性都是决定居住位置的重要因素。在所有三个区域中，公交的可达性对居民区位选择具有统计学上的显着积极影响。在自动可达性方面，结果表明，在所有自变量中，自动通勤时间对居住区位选择的影响最大，但是对非工作目的地的自动可达性似乎无关紧要。此外，步行性是决定普吉特海湾地区住宅位置选择的关键因素，而不是其他两个地区。我认为，这些地区差异是亚特兰大和密歇根州东南部居民缺乏选择的结果，也就是说，步行街区的供不应求使两个地区的家庭无法住在这样的街区。这一发现表明，城市和地区有必要促进以行人为导向的发展，以扩大居民的选择范围。结果进一步暗示，由于住房供应的限制，家庭通常不得不居住在其可及性水平低于其所希望的水平的社区中。运输和土地使用规划人员在应用居住区位选择模型来预测土地使用增长模式时，应解决“居住区不协调”问题。

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