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Comparison of energy demands of drone-based and ground-based parcel delivery services

机译：无人机和地面包裹递送服务的能源需求比较

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Drones are one of the most intensively studied technologies in logistics in recent years. They combine technological features matching current trends in transport industry and society like autonomy, flexibility, and agility. Among the various concepts for using drones in logistics, parcel delivery is one of the most popular application scenarios. Companies like Amazon test drones particularly for last-mile delivery intending to achieve both reducing total cost and increasing customer satisfaction by fast deliveries. As drones are electric vehicles, they are also often claimed to be an eco-friendly mean of transportation.In this paper an energy consumption model for drones is proposed to describe the energy demand for drone deliveries depending on environmental conditions and the flight pattern. The model is used to simulate the energy demand of a stationary parcel delivery system which serves a set customers from a depot. The energy consumed by drones is compared to the energy demand of Diesel trucks and electric trucks serving the same customers from the same depot.The results indicate that switching to a solely drone-based parcel delivery system is not worthwhile from an energetic perspective in most scenarios. A stationary drone-based parcel delivery system requires more energy than a truck-based parcel delivery system particularly in urban areas where customer density is high and truck tours are comparatively short. In rather rural settings with long distances between customers, a drone-based parcel delivery system creates an energy demand comparable to a parcel delivery system with electric trucks provided environmental conditions are moderate.
机译：无人机是近年来在物流领域研究最深入的技术之一。它们结合了与运输行业和社会当前趋势相匹配的技术特征，例如自治性，灵活性和敏捷性。在物流中使用无人机的各种概念中，包裹交付是最受欢迎的应用场景之一。像Amazon这样的无人驾驶飞机试飞无人机，尤其是针对最后一英里的交付，他们希望通过快速交付来降低总成本并提高客户满意度。由于无人机是电动汽车，因此通常也被称为环保交通工具。本文提出了一种无人机能耗模型，以描述无人机交付的能源需求，具体取决于环境条件和飞行模式。该模型用于模拟固定包裹递送系统的能源需求，该系统从仓库为一组固定客户提供服务。将无人机所消耗的能量与同一仓库中服务于相同客户的柴油卡车和电动卡车的能量需求进行了比较，结果表明，从精力充沛的角度来看，从精力充沛的角度来看，切换到仅基于无人机的包裹递送系统是不值得的。与基于卡车的包裹递送系统相比，基于无人机的固定包裹递送系统需要更多的能源，尤其是在客户密度高且卡车旅行相对较短的城市地区。在客户之间距离较远的乡村环境中，如果环境条件适中，基于无人机的包裹递送系统所产生的能源需求可与电动卡车的包裹递送系统相媲美。

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