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A modified model to curb fare evasion and enforce compliance: Empirical evidence and implications

机译：抑制票价逃逸并强制合规的改进模型：经验证据和启示

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Fare evasion is a major problem for transit companies due to lost fare revenues and damage to their corporate images. Therefore, the establishment and proper management of ticket inspection teams deployed to tackle fare dodgers is highly important and represents a severe challenge. In this paper, an existent profit maximization model for estimating the optimum level of inspection has been extended, calibrated, and tested in a real case, using data available from an Italian transit operator, resulting from 98 days of checks and 3659 completed on-board interviews. Given the current network-wide inspection level per single verifier, and considering the level of fines currently applied, the optimal value of the total inspection rate is found to amount to 4.5%. The model provides empirical evidence towards understanding the fare evasion problem, besides highlighting the need for collaboration with the managers of the transit company. An overview of the manipulation of some control variables related to risk perception and the main implications of the findings are presented to transport companies using "honour" ticketing systems.
机译：逃票是公交公司的一个主要问题，因为票价收入损失和公司形象受损。因此，建立和应对票务逃票的检票组的适当管理非常重要，并且是严峻的挑战。在本文中，使用了意大利运输运营商提供的数据，通过对98天的检查和3659架已完成的船上作业得出的数据，在实际情况下扩展，校准和测试了现有的用于估计最佳检查水平的利润最大化模型。面试给定当前每个验证者的全网检查水平，并考虑到当前适用的罚款水平，发现总检查率的最佳值为4.5％。该模型除了强调需要与过境公司的管理人员进行协作之外，还提供了经验证据来了解逃票问题。向使用“荣誉”票务系统的运输公司介绍了与风险感知有关的一些控制变量的操纵及其发现的主要含义。

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