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The environmental effects of emission control area regulations on short sea shipping in Northern Europe: The case of container feeder vessels

机译：北欧排放管制区法规对短途海运的环境影响：以集装箱支线船为例

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摘要

Through the adoption and development of Annex VI, the International Maritime Organization has followed a stepwise approach to sulfur content reductions in marine fuels. The Annex also implies that vessels operating in the waters of designated Emission Control Areas (ECA) need to comply with stricter limits than the global regulations, dropping as low as 0.1% from 1st January 2015. Shipping companies operating in the North Sea and the Baltic Sea have flagged their concern about short sea shipping's competitiveness as the tightened restrictions on SOx emissions will force companies to switch to cleaner and more costly fuels, or implement other abatement measures. Hence, European transport policies aimed at transferring more cargo from road to sea might be counteracted by stricter environmental regulations. This paper presents SO2 emission calculations of two container feeder vessels based on comprehensive shipment level data before the implementation of the ECA regulations. A comparative analysis of the environmental footprint of the short sea shipping service with a counterfactual road haulage operation is conducted in a pre- and post ECA regulation setting. This effectively illustrates how empirical data supports the necessity of stricter SOx regulations in order for maritime operations to uphold a green image set up against competing transport modes. (C) 2016 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.
机译：通过采用和制定附件六，国际海事组织采取了逐步减少海洋燃料中硫含量的方法。附件还暗示，在指定排放控制区（ECA）水域内运营的船舶需要遵守比全球法规更严格的限制，从2015年1月1日起下降至0.1％。在北海和波罗的海地区运营的航运公司Sea已对短途航运的竞争力表示担忧，因为对SOx排放的严格限制将迫使公司转向使用更清洁，更昂贵的燃料，或实施其他减排措施。因此，旨在通过公路向海路转移更多货物的欧洲运输政策可能会受到更严格的环境法规的抵制。本文介绍了在实施ECA法规之前，基于综合运输水平数据计算的两个集装箱支线船的SO2排放量计算。在ECA之前和之后的法规设置中，对反海上运输操作对短途海运服务的环境足迹进行了比较分析。这有效地说明了经验数据如何支持更严格的SOx法规的必要性，以使海事行动能够在竞争性运输模式下维护绿色形象。 （C）2016 Elsevier Ltd.保留所有权利。

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