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Y Multi-period planning of closed-loop supply chain with carbon policies under uncertainty

机译：是具有不确定性的碳政策下的闭环供应链的多周期计划

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摘要

Climate change and greenhouse gases emissions have caused countries to implement various carbon regulatory mechanisms in some industrial sectors around the globe to curb carbon emissions. One effective method to reduce industry environmental footprint is the use of a closed-loop supply chain (CLSC). The decision concerning the design and planning of an optimal network of the CLSC plays a vital role in determining the total carbon footprint across the supply chain and also the total cost. In this context, this research proposes an optimization model for design and planning a multi-period, multi-product CLSC with carbon footprint consideration under two different uncertainties. The demand and returns uncertainties are considered by means of multiple scenarios and uncertainty of carbon emissions due to supply chain related activities are considered by means of bounded box set and solve using robust optimization approach. The model extends further to investigate the impact of different carbon policies such as including strict carbon cap, carbon tax, carbon cap-and-trade, and carbon offset on the supply chain strategic and operational decisions. The model captures trade-offs that exist among supply chain total cost and carbon emissions. Also, the proposed model optimizes both supply chain total cost and carbon emissions across the supply chain activities, The numerical results reveal some insightful observations with respect to CLSC strategic design decisions and carbon emissions under various carbon policies and at the end we highlighted some managerial insights. (C) 2016 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.
机译：气候变化和温室气体排放已导致各国在全球某些工业部门实施各种碳监管机制，以遏制碳排放。减少行业环境足迹的一种有效方法是使用闭环供应链（CLSC）。关于CLSC最佳网络的设计和规划的决定在确定整个供应链的总碳足迹以及总成本中起着至关重要的作用。在此背景下，本研究提出了一种优化模型，用于设计和规划在两种不同不确定性下考虑碳足迹的多周期，多产品CLSC。需求和回报的不确定性是通过多种方案来考虑的，而供应链相关活动所导致的碳排放的不确定性是通过有界盒集合来考虑的，并使用鲁棒的优化方法来解决。该模型进一步扩展以研究不同碳政策的影响，例如包括严格的碳限额，碳税，碳限额和贸易以及碳补偿对供应链战略和运营决策的影响。该模型捕获了供应链总成本和碳排放之间存在的权衡。此外，所提出的模型优化了整个供应链活动中的供应链总成本和碳排放量。数值结果揭示了有关CLSC战略设计决策和各种碳政策下的碳排放量的深刻见解，最后我们重点介绍了一些管理方面的见解。 。 （C）2016 Elsevier Ltd.保留所有权利。

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