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首页> 外文期刊>Transportation Research >Is in-cabin exposure to carbon monoxide and fine particulate matter amplified by the vehicle's self-pollution potential? Quantifying the rate of exhaust intrusion
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Is in-cabin exposure to carbon monoxide and fine particulate matter amplified by the vehicle's self-pollution potential? Quantifying the rate of exhaust intrusion

机译：车内的一氧化碳会增加车内暴露于一氧化碳和细颗粒物质的能力吗？量化排气侵入率

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摘要

In-cabin exposure has increased in recent years due to longer commute and/or prolonged times in cars. The intrusion of the vehicle's own exhaust into the passenger's compartment has been recognized as a process that amplifies in-cabin passenger exposure. Quantifying its contribution is hampered by uncertainties associated with its measurement method such as trace tests and the lack of data regarding certain critical physical parameters, particularly those pertaining to air exchange rate (AER) and particulate matter deposition rate (DR). In this study, we present a hybrid methodology combining field measurements with a single-zone mass balance to estimate these parameters as well as the source term that represents vehicle self-pollution. In- and out-vehicle carbon monoxide (CO) and fine particulate matter (PM2.5) were monitored concurrently in test vehicles under idle and moving conditions using several common ventilation modes. In addition to defining a hybrid methodology to characterize the underlying physical parameters, this study found that vehicle self-pollution can account for approximately 15 and 30% of CO and PM2.5 exposure experienced by vehicle occupants respectively. Vehicle self-exhaust intrusion may constitute a significant PM exposure route for vehicle-based occupations or commuters with prolonged time in vehicles. (C) 2017 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.
机译：由于通勤时间更长和/或汽车时间延长，近年来车内暴露增加了。人们已经认识到，车辆自身排气进入乘客车厢的过程是放大客舱内乘客暴露的过程。与测量方法相关的不确定性（例如跟踪测试）以及缺少有关某些关键物理参数（尤其是那些与空气交换速率（AER）和颗粒物沉积速率（DR）有关的物理参数）的数据，阻碍了对其贡献的量化。在这项研究中，我们提出了一种混合方法，将现场测量结果与单区域质量平衡相结合，以估计这些参数以及代表车辆自身污染的来源术语。使用几种常见的通风模式，在怠速和行驶条件下，在测试车辆中同时监测车内和车外一氧化碳（CO）和细颗粒物（PM2.5）。除了定义一种混合方法来表征基本的物理参数外，这项研究还发现，车辆自身污染可分别导致车辆乘员经历的CO和PM2.5暴露量分别约为15％和30％。对于以车辆为基础的职业或通勤时间较长的车辆，车辆的自排气侵入可能构成重要的PM暴露途径。 （C）2017 Elsevier Ltd.保留所有权利。

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