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首页> 外文期刊>Transportation Research Part B: Methodological >Managing morning commute traffic with parking
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Managing morning commute traffic with parking

机译：通过停车管理早上上下班的交通

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摘要

We investigate how parking fee and parking supply can be designed to mitigate traffic congestion, and to reduce total social costs. Vickrey's morning commute model is extended to incorporate travelers' choices between two parking areas (clusters). We first derive the travel patterns under different parking capacities, parking fees and accessibility to the destination; then perform a sensitivity analysis to reveal the effect of each factor on network performance and travel profiles. Some interesting findings are: (1) enlarging the central parking lots is not always desirable; (2) parking fee and capacity should be set in a way that commuters prefer to park in the farther area during early arrival; and (3) a shorter access time always reduces the social costs. Finally, we derive the optimal parking fees, capacities and access times which altogether yield the minimum total social costs. When the closer parking cluster does not have too large an accessibility advantage over the farther one, the optimal travel profile is such that both parking clusters are utilized. As a result, the optimal parking solution can effectively reduce both the social costs and the queuing delay. Even more intriguing is that, compared to the case without parking choices, all travelers are better off under the optimal parking solution, which cannot be achieved by only imposing a system-optimal dynamic toll.
机译：我们研究如何设计停车费和停车供应量以减轻交通拥堵并降低总社会成本。 Vickrey的通勤模型得到了扩展，将旅行者在两个停车区（集群）之间的选择纳入其中。我们首先得出不同停车位，停车费和到达目的地的出行方式；然后进行敏感性分析，以揭示每个因素对网络性能和旅行状况的影响。一些有趣的发现是：（1）扩大中央停车场并非总是可取的； （2）停车费和停车位的设置应使通勤者在早到时更喜欢将车停在更远的地方； （3）缩短访问时间总是可以减少社会成本。最后，我们得出了最佳的停车费，停车位和出行时间，它们总产生了最低的总社会成本。当较近的停车位组在远距离停车位组方面没有太大的优势时，最佳的行驶状况是使用两个停车位组。结果，最佳的停车解决方案可以有效地减少社会成本和排队延迟。更令人着迷的是，与没有停车选择的情况相比，在最佳停车解决方案下所有旅行者的状况都更好，而仅靠施加系统最优的动态收费是无法实现的。

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