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User rationality and optimal park-and-ride location under potential demand maximization

机译：在潜在需求最大化的情况下，用户合理性和最佳的停车位置

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摘要

The paper develops analytical formulations to gain insight into the optimal location, i.e., the one that maximizes the potential market, and to estimate the potential catchment area of Park and Ride (P&R) facilities. The formulations are based on the assumption that a trav-eler would use a P&R facility if and only if the corresponding generalized cost is lower than the drive only alternative. The paper considers two different scenarios: a linear city (or a travel corridor), and a two-dimensional city with Euclidean travel. Analytical derivations were obtained for both cases using, as starting point, the necessary condition for P&R use.In the case of the linear city, the paper identifies two breakeven distances (BEDs) of great import to the estimation of the potential P&R market: the (trip) origin BED, i.e., the distance below which a traveler could drive upstream to use the P&R facility to access its down-stream destination, and still be better off; and the (trip) destination BED, i.e., the travel dis-tance using transit below which it does not make sense to use P&R. The paper proves that the optimal location of P&R sites is shifted upstream of what seems to be an intuitive solu-tion, i.e., the edge of the congested region, by a distance that depends on the relative values of the origin and destination BEDs.In the two-dimensional city case, the analytical derivations prove that, for a given trip from i to;, the set of feasible locations follows an ellipse-like figure with the trip origin as a focus. These shapes-referred to as limiting functions-depend on variables such as trip distance, transit level of service (LOS), and the like. The analyses indicate that the area enclosed by the limiting functions increases with the transit LOS and trip distance, and so do the corre-sponding catchment areas. This is because the catchment area is determined by the marginal trip origins, i.e., those for which the P&R facility is just inside the limiting function.In its final section, the paper develops a parabolic approximation to the catchment area for a given P&R site. The approximating parabola is defined by three critical points: the origin BED, and two points that identify the marginal trip origins at the chord of parabola evaluated at the P&R. The numerical experiments indicate that the parabolic approximation provides a fairly good estimate of the catchment area that is easy to produce, conceptually valid, and overcomes the limitations of alternative approaches and rules of thumb used by practitio-ners and researchers.
机译：本文开发了分析公式，以深入了解最佳位置，即最大化潜在市场的位置，并估算Park and Ride（P＆R）设施的潜在集水区。这些公式是基于这样的假设，即当且仅当相应的广义成本低于“仅驾驶”替代产品时，travel-eler才会使用P＆R设施。本文考虑了两种不同的情况：线性城市（或旅行走廊）和具有欧式旅行的二维城市。两种情况均以P＆R使用的必要条件为起点获得了分析推导。在线性城市的情况下，本文确定了两个重要的盈亏平衡点（BED），以估计潜在的P＆R市场： （行程）始发地BED，即旅行者可以向上游行驶的距离，以使用P＆R设施访问其下游目的地，并且情况仍然更好；以及（行程）目的地BED，即使用公交的出行距离，低于此距离则无法使用P＆R。本文证明了P＆R站点的最佳位置似乎是一个直观的解决方案（即拥挤区域的边缘）的上游偏移了一个距离，该距离取决于源BED和目标BED的相对值。在二维城市案例中，分析推导证明，对于从i到给定的行程，可行位置集遵循椭圆形的图形，以行程起点为焦点。这些形状称为限制功能，取决于变量，例如行程距离，服务运输等级（LOS）等。分析表明，限制功能所围成的面积随过境服务水平和出行距离的增加而增加，相应的集水区也随之增加。这是因为集水区是由边际行程原点决定的，即P＆R设施就在极限函数之内。在最后一部分中，本文针对给定的P＆R地点对集水区建立了抛物线近似。近似抛物线由三个关键点定义：起点BED，以及两个点，这些点标识了在P＆R评估的抛物线弦上的边际行程起点。数值实验表明，抛物线近似提供了一个易于生产，概念上有效的流域面积的良好估计，并克服了从业者和研究人员使用的替代方法和经验法则的局限性。

著录项

  • 来源
    《Transportation Research Part B: Methodological》 |2012年第8期|949-970|共22页
  • 作者

    Jose Holguin-Veras; Wilfredo F. Yushimito; Felipe Aros-Vera; John (Jack) Reilly;

  • 作者单位

    Center for Infrastructure, Transportation, and the Environment, Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Rensselaer Polytechnic Institute,110 8th Street, Troy, NY 12180, USA;

    Department of Engineering and Sciences, Universidad Adolfo Ibanez, Av. Padre Hurtado 750, Room A325, ViHa del Mar, Chile;

    Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Rensselaer Polytechnic Institute, 110 8th Street, Room JEC 4037, Troy, NY 12180, USA;

    Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Rensselaer Polytechnic Institute, 110 8th Street, Room JEC 4032, Troy, NY 12180, USA;

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  • 原文格式 PDF
  • 正文语种 eng
  • 中图分类
  • 关键词

    Park and Ride; Optimal location; Transit;

    机译：停车和骑行最佳位置;过境;

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