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Modelling the social and psychological impacts of transport disadvantage

机译：模拟运输不利条件的社会和心理影响

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摘要

This paper presents the results of a research project aiming to develop a robust empirical model to measure links between transport disadvantage (TD), social exclusion (SE) and well-being (WB). Its principal aim is to improve on current research methods in this field. Existing approaches derive associations between TD and its impacts through simple comparative methods, through qualitative methods and using limited and prescriptive definitions of SE. The new method draws from an interview questionnaire measuring TD through self-reported difficulties with transport. A principal components analysis of responses identifies four statistically significant sub-scales (transit disadvantage, transport disadvantage, vulnerable/impaired and rely on others). SE is represented in five dimensions including income, unemployment, political engagement, participation in activities and social support networks. Well-being adopts standard psychological measures-'Satisfaction With Life Scale' (SWLS), 'Positive Affect' (PA) and 'Negative Affect' (NA). Structural equation modelling (SEM) was used to model links between TD, SE and WB. A hypothesised model proposed negative associations between SE and WB and between TD and WB and a positive association between TD and SE. Modelling results showed that scales used to measure TD, SE and WB were all statistically related to their underlying concepts. Modelling of the hypothesised links between constructs was generally favourable with a good statistical fit. However the relationship between TD and WB was not significant. An exploratory analysis supported the hypothesis that this was caused by high reported travel difficulties for both highly mobile and less mobile people. A revised theoretical model explored the theory that feelings of isolation due to time poverty might be mediating the TD-WB link. SEM analysis of the revised model confirmed a good model fit with statistically significant measures between TD, time poverty and WB. Time poverty was not found to be associated with social exclusion. The final model suggested that TD is positively associated with SE with a measured strength of .27. SE is strongly negatively associated with WB (-.87). TD is positively associated with time poverty (.19) while time poverty is negatively associated with well-being (-.14). Areas for future research are identified.
机译：本文介绍了一个研究项目的结果，该项目旨在开发一个可靠的经验模型来衡量运输劣势（TD），社会排斥（SE）和福祉（WB）之间的联系。其主要目的是改进该领域的当前研究方法。现有方法通过简单的比较方法，定性方法以及使用SE的有限和规定性定义来推导TD及其影响之间的关联。新方法来自于通过自我报告的运输困难来衡量TD的访谈问卷。应对措施的主成分分析确定了四个统计上显着的子量表（过境不利，运输不利，脆弱/受损和依赖其他量表）。 SE在五个方面代表，包括收入，失业，政治参与，参与活动和社会支持网络。幸福感采用标准的心理措施-“生活满意度量表”（SWLS），“积极情感”（PA）和“消极情感”（NA）。使用结构方程模型（SEM）对TD，SE和WB之间的链接进行建模。假设模型提出了SE与WB之间，TD与WB之间的负关联以及TD与SE之间的正关联。建模结果表明，用于测量TD，SE和WB的量表在统计上均与其基本概念相关。构造之间的假设联系建模通常具有良好的统计拟合性。但是，运输署和世界银行之间的关系并不重要。一项探索性分析支持以下假设：这是由于流动性较高和流动性较低的人们报告的出行困难很大。修改后的理论模型探索了以下理论：由于时间贫困而产生的孤立感可能正在介导TD-WB链接。经修订的模型的SEM分析证实了一个良好的模型，该模型与TD，时间贫困和WB之间具有统计学意义的度量相符。没有发现时间贫困与社会排斥有关。最终模型表明TD与SE呈正相关，测得的强度为0.27。 SE与WB（-.87）密切相关。 TD与时间贫困成正相关（.19），而时间贫困与福祉成负相关（-.14）。确定了未来研究的领域。

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  • 来源
    《Transportation》 |2010年第6期|p.953-966|共14页
  • 作者

    Graham Currie; rnAlexa Delbosc;

  • 作者单位

    Department of Civil Engineering, Institute of Transport Studies, Monash University, Building 60,Clayton, VIC 3800, Australia;

    rnDepartment of Civil Engineering, Institute of Transport Studies, Monash University, Building 60,Clayton, VIC 3800, Australia;

  • 收录信息 美国《科学引文索引》(SCI);美国《工程索引》(EI);
  • 原文格式 PDF
  • 正文语种 eng
  • 中图分类
  • 关键词

    transport disadvantage; social exclusion; well-being structural equation model;

    机译：运输不利;社会排斥;幸福感结构方程模型;

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