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Children's mode choice for the school trip: the role of distance and school location in walking to school

机译：儿童上学旅行的方式选择：距离和学校位置在步行上学中的作用

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Rising levels of childhood obesity in the United States and a 75% decline in the proportion of children walking to school in the past 30 years have focused attention on school travel. This paper uses data from the US Department of Transportation's 2001 National Household Travel Survey to analyze the factors affecting mode choice for elementary and middle school children. The analysis shows that walk travel time is the most policy-relevant factor affecting the decision to walk to school with an estimated direct elasticity of -0.75. If policymakers want to increase walking rates, these findings suggest that current policies, such as Safe Routes to School, which do not affect the spatial distribution of schools and residences will not be enough to change travel behavior. The final part of the paper uses the mode choice model to test how a land use strategy-community schools-might affect walking to school. The results show that community schools have the potential to increase walking rates but would require large changes from current land use, school, and transportation planning practices.
机译：在过去的30年中，美国儿童肥胖水平上升，而上学的儿童比例下降了75％，这已将注意力集中在学校旅行上。本文使用美国交通部2001年全国家庭旅行调查的数据来分析影响中小学生选择模式的因素。分析表明，步行时间是影响步行决策的最相关政策因素，估计直接弹性为-0.75。如果政策制定者想提高步行速度，这些发现表明，当前的政策，如不影响学校和住宅空间分布的安全上学路线，将不足以改变出行行为。本文的最后一部分使用模式选择模型来测试土地使用策略（社区学校）如何影响步行上学。结果表明，社区学校有提高步行速度的潜力，但需要对当前的土地使用，学校和交通规划做法进行较大的改变。

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