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The multiple burdens of zoonotic disease and an ecohealth approach to their assessment

机译：人畜共患疾病的多重负担及其生态健康评估方法

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摘要

Zoonoses occur at the interface of human and animal disease and partly because their impact and management fall across two sectors they are often neglected. The Global Burden of Disease captures the impact of zoonoses on human health in terms of disability-adjusted life years (DALYs). Based on this, we estimate that in low income countries, zoonoses and diseases which recently emerged from animals make up 26 % of the DALYs lost to infectious disease and 10 % of the total DALYs lost. In contrast, in high income countries, zoonoses and diseases recently which emerged from animals represent less than 1 % of DALYs lost to infectious disease and only 0.02 % of the total disease burden. We present a framework that captures the costs of zoonoses and emerging disease to human, animal and ecosystem health in terms of cost of treatment, cost of prevention, health burden and intangible and opportunity costs. We also discuss how ecohealth concepts of transdisciplinarity, participation and equity can help in assessing the importance of zoonoses in developing countries and illustrate these with an example of assessing milk-borne disease.
机译：人畜共患病发生在人畜疾病的交界处，部分原因是人畜共患病的影响和管理涉及两个经常被忽视的部门。全球疾病负担从残障调整生命年（DALYs）的角度反映了人畜共患病对人类健康的影响。基于此，我们估计在低收入国家，动物近期出现的人畜共患病和疾病占传染病造成的DALY损失的26％，占全部DALY损失的10％。相反，在高收入国家，最近从动物身上出现的人畜共患病和疾病仅占传染病造成的DALY损失的不到1％，而仅占疾病总负担的0.02％。我们提出了一个框架，该框架从治疗成本，预防成本，健康负担以及无形和机会成本等方面捕获了人畜共患病和新发疾病对人类，动物和生态系统健康的成本。我们还将讨论跨学科性，参与性和公平性的生态健康概念如何帮助评估人畜共患病在发展中国家的重要性，并以评估奶源性疾病为例进行说明。

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