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Feeding regime and management of local Lao pigs in Central Lao PDR

机译：老挝中部地方老挝猪的饲养方式和管理

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摘要

A survey was carried out in smallholder farming systems in the districts of Borrikun, Khamkeuth, and Pakkading, in central Lao People's Democratic Republic, to assess the feeding regime and health status of local Lao pigs. In total, 216 farmers, 72 in each district, were interviewed using a questionnaire. Feed samples were collected for nutrient analysis and pen soil samples for mineral content determination. Farmers kept sows of native breeds such as Moo Lath, Moo Chid, and Moo Hmong. The number of sows per household was low (1.1 ± 0.1, 1.1 ± 0.1, and 1.2 ± 0.1 in Borrikun, Khamkeuth, and Pakkading, respectively) and pigs were mainly fed with rice bran and fresh cassava roots. Daily protein and mineral (Calcium, phosphorus, potassium, and sodium) allowances were lower than requirements. In all districts, the number of piglets at birth was around seven and pre-weaning piglet mortality was around 20 %. The most common causes of piglet death, before weaning, were diarrhea, runts, and squashed piglets. Most piglets were weaned after 4 months of age, but in the Borrikun and Pakkading districts, 11–16 % of households were weaned at <4 months. In all districts, pig management was mainly women's responsibility (around 90 %) and most farmers spent less than 1 h per day on pig management. A feasible and cheap way to increase nutrient supply to local pigs in central Lao People's Democratic Republic would be to include more fresh plant material (e.g., thick head, taro) and salt in the diet. Information and education on improving pig management should be targeted towards women.
机译：在老挝人民民主共和国中部的Borrikun，Khamkeuth和Pakkading地区，对小农养殖系统进行了一项调查，以评估当地老挝猪的饲养方式和健康状况。总共使用问卷调查了216个农民，每个地区72个。收集饲料样品进行营养分析，并采集土壤样品以确定矿物质含量。农民饲养的是本地品种的母猪，如Moo Lath，Moo Chid和Moo Hmong。每个家庭的母猪数量很少（在Borrikun，Khamkeuth和Pakkading分别为1.1±0.1、1.1±0.1和1.2±0.1），并且猪主要以米糠和新鲜的木薯根为食。每日蛋白质和矿物质（钙，磷，钾和钠）的摄入量低于要求。在所有地区，出生时的仔猪数量约为7只，断奶前仔猪的死亡率约为20％。断奶前仔猪死亡的最常见原因是腹泻，矮小和被挤压的仔猪。大多数仔猪在4个月大后断奶，但在Borrikun和Pakkading地区，不到4个月断奶的家庭为11-16％。在所有地区，养猪管理主要由妇女负责（约90％），大多数农民每天在养猪管理上花费不到1小时。在老挝人民民主共和国中部增加对当地猪的营养供应的可行且廉价的方法是在日粮中添加更多的新鲜植物原料（例如粗头，芋头）和盐。有关改善猪管理的信息和教育应针对妇女。

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  • 来源
    《Tropical Animal Health and Production》 |2012年第1期|149-155|共7页
  • 作者

    Malavanh Chittavong; Jan Erik Lindberg; Anna Jansson;

  • 作者单位

    Department of Livestock and Fisheries Faculty of Agriculture National University of Laos P. O. Box 7322 Vientiane Lao People’s Democratic Republic;

    Department of Animal Nutrition and Management Swedish University of Agricultural Sciences P. O. Box 7024 750 07 Uppsala Sweden;

    Department of Animal Nutrition and Management Swedish University of Agricultural Sciences P. O. Box 7024 750 07 Uppsala Sweden;

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  • 原文格式 PDF
  • 正文语种 eng
  • 中图分类
  • 关键词

    Local Lao pig; Feeding management; Protein; Mineral; Mortality;

    机译：老挝猪;饲料管理;蛋白质;矿产;道德;

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