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Prevalence and associated risk factors of mycobacterial infections in slaughter pigs from Mubende district in Uganda

机译：乌干达穆本德地区屠宰猪的分枝杆菌感染患病率及相关危险因素

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To date, the public health relevance of mycobacterial infections in pigs is not well investigated despite high risk of infection. Recently, there has been a documented increase in opportunistic infections and risk of acquiring opportunistic mycobacterial infections in HIV/AIDS patients in Mubende district; unfortunately, there has been no published information on the epidemiology of mycobacterial infections in this area. This study was carried out between September 2008 and February 2009. Investigations were done to assess the prevalence and associated risk factors of mycobacterial infections in slaughtered pigs in Mubende district of Uganda. A total of 997 pigs (53.7% male and 46.3% female) from 31 different slaughterhouses were examined for the presence of lesions compatible with TB and mycobacterial infections. Pathologic tissue specimens were collected for culturing and isolation of mycobacteria. A cross-sectional technique was used based on convenient visits to slaughterhouses but random selection of individual slaughtered pigs for a detailed post-mortem inspection on a daily basis. The results reflected a 9.3% and 3.1% (95% CI) prevalence of Mycobacterium species based on necropsy examinations and culture isolation, respectively. The highest prevalence of mycobacterial infection was recorded in Buwekula County (the mixed agro-zone) whilst the lowest was in Kassanda County (pastoral zone). A multivariable logistical regression analysis identified age (P ≤ 0.001) and sex (P ≤ 0.05) as risk factors for mycobacterial infections in pigs. Post-estimation statistics of the regression model evaluation and validation fit it well into the data (HL, χ 2 = 5.9; P = 0.69 for necropsy, HL χ 2 = 2.9; P = 0.94 for culturing). This study documented a high prevalence of mycobacterial infections in slaughter pigs in Mubende district. The fact that pigs and human often share common housing and environment poses a high risk of zoonotic transmission. This then warrants further molecular investigation to identify the specific Mycobacterium species and their public health importance in this area.
机译：迄今为止，尽管猪的分枝杆菌感染具有很高的感染风险，但其与公共卫生的相关性尚未得到很好的研究。最近，有文献报道在穆本德地区的艾滋病毒/艾滋病患者中机会性感染和获得机会性分枝杆菌感染的风险增加；不幸的是，该地区还没有关于分枝杆菌感染流行病学的公开信息。这项研究在2008年9月至2009年2月之间进行。进行了调查，以评估乌干达Mubende地区屠宰猪的分枝杆菌感染率和相关危险因素。检查了来自31个不同屠房的997头猪（雄性53.7％，雌性46.3％）是否存在与结核病和分枝杆菌感染相容的病变。收集病理组织标本用于分枝杆菌的培养和分离。横断面技术是基于方便地访问屠宰场，但每天随机选择个体屠宰猪进行详细的验尸检查。结果表明，根据尸检和培养分离，分枝杆菌的患病率分别为9.3％和3.1％（95％CI）。分枝杆菌感染的最高发生率发生在布韦库拉县（混合农业区），最低的发生在卡桑达县（牧区）。多变量logistic回归分析确定了年龄（P≤0.001）和性别（P≤0.05）是猪分枝杆菌感染的危险因素。回归模型评估和验证的估计后统计量非常适合数据（HL，χ 2 = 5.9;尸检的P = 0.69，HLχ 2 = 2.9 ；对于培养而言，P = 0.94）。这项研究表明，穆本德地区的出栏猪中分枝杆菌感染的患病率很高。猪和人经常共享共同的住房和环境这一事实带来了人畜共患病传播的高风险。然后，这需要进行进一步的分子研究，以鉴定特定分枝杆菌物种及其在该领域的公共卫生重要性。

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