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Improvement of small dairy producers in the central coast of Peru

机译：改善秘鲁中部海岸的小型乳制品生产商

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摘要

The objective of this study was to characterize a group of small dairy producers in the central coast of Peru and determine the most important limiting factors that affect animal productivity, using Participatory Rural Appraisal methodologies. The information collected during a year included biological and socio-economic characteristics. Inappropriate nutrition, management, health and reproduction were observed in most farms. The average number of animals per family was 17.3, of which 40% were bulls and growing calves. Milk production and net cash income were reduced in the summer. The feeding programme for lactating and growing females of forage exchanged for labour and purchased concentrates did not theoretically or practically meet the cows’ needs. All water was carried to the site on donkeys from one kilometre distance. All cows were negative for a number of potential infectious diseases. By California Mastitis Test of routine samples 7.1% of cows had clinical mastitis and 66.1% subclinical. Taking notional labour and forage costs into account, milk production was at a loss but the farmers considered neither and were satisfied with a net cash income from milk sales three times the average agricultural wage.
机译：这项研究的目的是利用参与性农村评估方法，对秘鲁中部海岸的一群小型乳制品生产商进行特征分析，并确定影响动物生产力的最重要限制因素。一年中收集的信息包括生物学和社会经济特征。在大多数农场中观察到营养，管理，健康和繁殖不当。每个家庭的平均动物数量为17.3，其中40％为公牛和成长中的小牛。夏季牛奶产量和净现金收入减少。从哺乳期和成年雌性饲草换成人工和购买精料的喂养计划在理论上或实践上都无法满足母牛的需求。所有的水都从一公里的距离被运到驴上。所有母牛的许多潜在传染病均为阴性。通过加利福尼亚乳腺炎测试，常规样本中有7.1％的母牛患有临床乳腺炎，有66.1％的处于亚临床。考虑到名义劳力和饲料成本，牛奶产量处于亏损状态，但是农民们都没有考虑，并且对牛奶销售产生的现金收入净额是农业平均工资的三倍感到满意。

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  • 来源
    《Tropical Animal Health and Production》 |2007年第8期|611-618|共8页
  • 作者

    C. Gomez; M. Fernandez; I. Salazar; I. Salda?a; H. Heredia;

  • 作者单位

    Department of Nutrition Faculty of Zootecnia Agraria La Molina University Lima Peru;

    Department of Nutrition Faculty of Zootecnia Agraria La Molina University Lima Peru;

    Department of Nutrition Faculty of Zootecnia Agraria La Molina University Lima Peru;

    Department of Nutrition Faculty of Zootecnia Agraria La Molina University Lima Peru;

    Department of Nutrition Faculty of Zootecnia Agraria La Molina University Lima Peru;

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  • 原文格式 PDF
  • 正文语种 eng
  • 中图分类
  • 关键词

    Management; Nutrition; Small dairy productivity; Socio-economics;

    机译：管理;营养;小乳制品生产率;社会经济学;

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