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首页> 外文期刊>Tropical Animal Health and Production >The effect of weather on the occurrence and magnitude of periparturient rise in trichostronglyid nematode egg output in Dorper ewes in a semi-arid area of Kajiado District of Kenya
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The effect of weather on the occurrence and magnitude of periparturient rise in trichostronglyid nematode egg output in Dorper ewes in a semi-arid area of Kajiado District of Kenya

机译：天气对肯尼亚卡吉亚多地区半干旱地区多珀母羊毛线虫线虫卵产量和围产期上升的影响

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摘要

An investigation was carried out to assess the effects of weather on the occurrence and magnitude of the periparturient rise (PPR) in trichostrongylid nematode egg output in breeding Dorper ewes. The study was conducted over three breeding seasons on a ranch in the semi-arid area of Kajiado District in Kenya between June 1999 and December 2001. During each breeding season 20 ewes randomly selected from the breeding stock and 20 others selected from the unmated yearlings were monitored for faecal strongyle egg counts every 3 weeks. The lambing seasons were timed to coincide with the onset of the short rains (October–November 1999), the mid-short rains (November–December 2000) and the end of the dry season (September–October 2001). In each season higher egg outputs were recorded in the peri-parturient ewes compared to the unmated yearlings. The highest PPR occurred in September 2001, when lambing coincided with the end of the dry season, possibly as a result of maturation of hypobiotic larvae. The lowest PPR occurred in November 2000 when the onset of lambing coincided with the mid-short rains, possibly owing to low pasture infectivity associated with a long dry spell between January and October of the same year. The results of this study indicate that PPR occurred when lambing coincided with both the wet and the dry seasons. However, the magnitude was greatly influenced by the season when lambing occurred. It was also influenced by resumption of development of hypobiotic larvae and the nutritional status of the ewes. Not only should control of gastrointestinal nematode parasites in this area aim at preventing the occurrence of PPR by treating ewes 2–3 weeks before they are to lamb and during lactation, but the anthelmintic used must also eliminate hypobiotic larvae. In addition, the animals must be given supplementary feeding during this period.
机译：进行了一项调查，以评估天气对多珀母羊育种中长毛线虫线虫卵产卵量和围产期上升（PPR）的影响。该研究在1999年6月至2001年12月之间的肯尼亚卡吉亚多半干旱地区的一个牧场上进行了三个繁殖季节的研究。在每个繁殖季节，从繁殖种群中随机选择20头母羊，从未交配的一岁鸽中选出20头母羊。每3周监测一次粪便中的坚韧卵计数。羊羔季节的时间与短雨的开始（1999年10月至11月），中短雨的时间（2000年11月至2000年12月）以及干旱季节的结束（2001年9月至2001年10月）相吻合。在每个季节中，与未交配的一岁雄性相比，产期母羊的产卵量更高。 PPR最高的年份是2001年9月，当时产羔与旱季末相吻合，这可能是次生幼虫成熟的结果。 PPR最低的年份是2000年11月，当时产羔的时间恰逢中短雨，这可能是由于同年1月至10月间长期干旱造成的牧场传染性低下。这项研究的结果表明，产羔与湿季和干季同时发生时，发生PPR。但是，产羔的程度极大地影响了产羔的季节。它也受到恢复低生幼体发育和母羊营养状况的影响。控制该地区的胃肠道线虫寄生虫不仅旨在通过在母羊产前和哺乳期间2-3周处理母羊来预防PPR的发生，而且所用的驱虫药还必须消除低生幼虫。此外，在此期间必须给动物补充喂养。

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