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首页> 外文期刊>Tropical Animal Health and Production >The Productivity of Small Animal Species in Small-scale Mixed Farming Systems in Subtropical Bolivia
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The Productivity of Small Animal Species in Small-scale Mixed Farming Systems in Subtropical Bolivia

机译：亚热带玻利维亚小型混养系统中小型动物的生产力

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摘要

The productivity of the scavenging, small animal species (chickens, ducks, pigs, hair sheep and guinea-pigs) commonly found on small-scale farms at the forest margin in subtropical Bolivia was monitored over a full year. Chickens and guinea-pigs were kept mainly for home consumption, while ducks and pigs were kept mainly for sale. Sheep served both purposes, depending upon the family requirements. In the absence of veterinary treatment, the productivity varied greatly between farms. Pigs gave the greatest gross return, but received the largest amount of supplementary feed. Under the existing system, chickens, ducks and sheep all gave similar gross returns per breeding female, although chickens produced good returns and made a large contribution to the family diet where the reproductive efficiency was high and the chick mortality was low. Mortality resulting from disease was a major problem in poultry, while internal parasites appeared to be important limiting factors in pigs and sheep. Guinea-pigs showed no major problems apart from theft, and were an important dietary component for immigrant families from the highlands of the country. Small animal species have largely been ignored by agricultural research and development activities in Bolivia and elsewhere. They currently make significant contributions to the livelihoods of poor people in terms of both income and food security, and this could be greatly increased by simple improvements in animal husbandry.
机译：监测了在亚热带玻利维亚森林边缘的小型农场中常见的小型动物物种（鸡，鸭，猪，毛羊和豚鼠）的生产力。鸡和豚鼠主要供家庭消费，而鸭和猪则主要供出售。绵羊有两个目的，取决于家庭的要求。在没有兽医处理的情况下，各农场之间的生产率差异很大。猪的总收益最大，但补充饲料的量最大。在现有的制度下，鸡，鸭和绵羊对每只育种雌性的总回报都相似，尽管鸡产生了高回报，并为繁殖效率高，雏鸡死亡率低的家庭饮食做出了很大贡献。疾病造成的死亡率是家禽的主要问题，而内部寄生虫似乎是猪和羊的重要限制因素。豚鼠除了被盗外没有表现出重大问题，并且是该国高地移民家庭的重要饮食组成部分。玻利维亚和其他地方的农业研发活动基本上忽略了小型动物物种。目前，它们在收入和粮食安全方面为贫困人口的生计做出了重大贡献，而通过简单改善畜牧业可以大大提高这一水平。

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