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Laboratory experiment of stemming impact on rock fragmentation by a high explosive

机译：高爆炸药对岩石碎裂影响的室内实验

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Ten blasts with cylindrical granite specimens were carried out in four groups with different specific charges and different constraint conditions. All rock specimens came from a granite quarry and they were cylinders with a diameter of 240 mm and a length of 300 mm. Three specific charges-0.2, 0.3 and 0.6 kg/m(3) with Research Department Explosive (RDX) as a package charge-were used, and two constraint conditions were tested. In the first constraint condition the rock specimen had a free surface, but a larger steel tube was placed outside the specimen; in the second one the specimen had a free surface and there was no steel tube or other obstacle outside the specimen. Each group included at least one specimen with stemming and at least one without stemming. During blasting, a high-speed camera was used to film the blasting process, and after each blast all fragments including fine materials were collected, sieved and analyzed. The results indicated that: (1) stemmed blasts yielded much better (finer) fragmentation than unstemmed blasts at a constant specific charge, (2) unstemmed blast wasted at least 25% explosive energy in fragmentation, compared with stemmed blasts, and (3) higher specific charge resulted in better fragmentation in either stemmed blasts or unstemmed ones.
机译：圆柱形花岗岩试样的十次爆炸分为四组，分别具有不同的装药量和不同的约束条件。所有岩石标本都来自花岗岩采石场，它们是直径为240毫米，长度为300毫米的圆柱体。使用研究部炸药（RDX）作为打包装料的三种特定装料-0.2、0.3和0.6 kg / m（3），并测试了两个约束条件。在第一个约束条件下，岩石标本具有自由表面，但在标本外部放置了较大的钢管。在第二个样品中，样品表面自由，样品外部没有钢管或其他障碍物。每组包括至少一个带有茎的标本和至少一个没有茎的标本。喷砂过程中，使用高速相机拍摄喷砂过程，每次喷砂后，包括细料在内的所有碎片均被收集，筛分和分析。结果表明：（1）茎杆爆炸在恒定的特定电荷下比未梗杆的爆炸产生更好的（更细）碎片；（2）与茎杆爆炸相比，未梗杆的爆炸在断裂中浪费了至少25％的爆炸能量，并且（3）较高的比电荷导致茎状或非茎状爆炸的碎片更好。

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