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Numerical study on the impact of gradient on semi-transverse smoke control system in tunnel

机译：坡度对隧道半横向烟气控制系统影响的数值研究

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The impact of gradient in tunnels with longitudinal smoke control system has been studied extensively in the last two decades. However, the impact of gradient in tunnels with semi-transverse smoke control has long been neglected. In this paper, numerical simulations have been conducted to investigate the impact of gradient on the performance of semi-transverse smoke control system in a 500 m long and rectangular tunnel. Firstly, tentative simulations are conducted in the horizontal tunnel until the adopted smoke control system can maintain the smoke layer well above the driveway for 30 min and this scenario is then adopted as a benchmark. Secondly, the gradient of the tunnel is increased from 0% to 1% and the simulation shows that the buoyancy drives more smoke moving in the ascending direction, which gradually changes the flow pattern in the tunnel. Further increase the gradient to 3% and 5%, the smoke movement pattern changes more rapidly and makes the ascending section impassable for evacuation. To provide tenable conditions, the smoke extraction rates in tunnel with a gradient of 1-5% should be increased by 5-20% compared those in the horizontal tunnel.
机译：在过去的二十年中，已经对带有纵向烟雾控制系统的隧道对坡度的影响进行了广泛的研究。但是，对于半横向排烟控制的隧道，坡度的影响早已被忽略。本文通过数值模拟研究了坡度对长500 m的矩形隧道中半横向烟雾控制系统性能的影响。首先，在水平隧道中进行初步模拟，直到采用的烟雾控制系统可以将烟层保持在车道上方30分钟以上，然后将该场景作为基准。其次，隧道的坡度从0％增加到1％，模拟表明浮力带动了更多的烟沿上升方向运动，从而逐渐改变了隧道中的流态。进一步将梯度增加到3％和5％，烟气的运动方式变化更快，并使上升段无法疏散。为了提供可靠的条件，与水平隧道相比，梯度为1％至5％的隧道中的排烟率应提高5-20％。

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