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Excavation of a cavern for high-pressure storage of natural gas

机译：开挖天然气高压储存的洞穴

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During the last 20 years a new storage technology has been under development for the world market. The first lined rock cavern (LRC) for storage of gas under high-pressure, constructed at Skallen, in southwest Sweden is now complete. The project is a joint venture between Sydkraft of Sweden and Gaz de France for the development and demonstration of the LRC-Technology. The excavation work was completed at the end of 2000 and the construction work was finished 2002. After a test period of one and a half years, the facility has been in commercial operation as a part of the Swedish gas grid since early 2004. The main features of the below ground facility are a 1 km long access tunnel, a 115 m deep vertical shaft and a 40,000 m~3 rock cavern. The cavern is designed as a silo, 52 m high and 36 m in diameter, with a large cupola and curved form bottom. The host rock in the area is crystalline gneiss of good quality, intersected by amphibolite dikes of poor quality. During construction, the stability of the cavern has been monitored by extensometers around the cavern and convergence measurements in the cupola. Only small deformations of a few millimeters have been recorded. This paper describes the cavern rock design and the experiences from the excavation works, along with a comparison of predicted and recorded deformations. A number of rock mechanic analyses have been carried out to determine rock stability and rock support.
机译：在过去的20年中，为世界市场开发了一种新的存储技术。在瑞典西南部的Skallen建造的第一个衬砌岩洞（LRC）在高压下进行储气。该项目是瑞典Sydkraft和法国天然气工业公司（Gaz de France）的合资企业，旨在开发和演示LRC技术。开挖工程于2000年底完成，建筑工程于2002年完成。经过一年半的测试，该设施自2004年初开始作为瑞典燃气网的一部分投入商业运营。地下设施的特点是长1公里的通道，115 m的竖井和40,000 m〜3的岩洞。该洞穴被设计为筒仓，高52 m，直径36 m，带有巨大的冲天炉和弯曲的底部。该地区的主岩为优质的片麻岩，与质量较差的角闪石岩相交。在施工过程中，洞穴的稳定性已通过洞穴周围的引伸计和冲天炉中的收敛测量进行了监控。仅记录了几毫米的微小变形。本文介绍了洞穴岩石的设计和开挖工作的经验，并比较了预测和记录的变形。已经进行了许多岩石力学分析以确定岩石的稳定性和岩石支撑。

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