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首页> 外文期刊>Urban ecosystems >Disentangling the influences of habitat availability, heterogeneity and spatial position on the species richness and rarity of urban bird communities in a central European city
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Disentangling the influences of habitat availability, heterogeneity and spatial position on the species richness and rarity of urban bird communities in a central European city

机译：解析栖息地的可用性，异质性和空间位置对中欧城市中城市鸟类群落物种丰富度和稀有度的影响

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摘要

The prominent role of the absolute amount of (semi)natural habitats on urban avifauna richness is well documented; however the relative role of habitat availability, heterogeneity and spatial position at the scale of a whole city has not been investigated so far. The main objective of this study was to evaluate the relative influence of these variables on the species richness and rarity value of bird communities in the city of Prague, Czech Republic. We used three modes to describe the urban environment, resulting in different habitat category resolutions. Coarse habitat descriptors were good enough for predicting species richness, but a more detailed resolution was better in explaining the distribution of communities comprising rarer species. The availability of wooded habitats was consistently the most important variable explaining both richness and rarity of bird communities. Habitat heterogeneity enhanced species richness, especially in highly urbanized areas where wooded habitats were scarce. However, rarer species responded to habitat heterogeneity only weakly. The influence of grid cell spatial position on bird community richness was overridden by the impacts of habitat availability and heterogeneity. However, communities comprising rarer species tended to breed at peripheral sites encompassing open habitats and large woodlands. The preservation of sufficient wooded habitats including small patches remains the key tool for bird conservation in cities, and habitat heterogeneity should be supported in areas with less than ca. 3 % of wooded habitats. Rarer species benefit from the maintenance of more extensive patches of greenery in peripheral urban areas.
机译：充分记录了（半）自然栖息地绝对数量对城市航空动物丰富性的显著作用；但是，到目前为止，尚未研究整个城市规模上的栖息地可用性，异质性和空间位置的相对作用。这项研究的主要目的是评估这些变量对捷克共和国布拉格市鸟类群落物种丰富度和稀有价值的相对影响。我们使用三种模式来描述城市环境，从而得出不同的栖息地类别分辨率。粗略的栖息地描述符足以预测物种丰富度，但更详细的分辨率则更好地解释了由稀有物种组成的群落的分布。树木繁茂的栖息地的可用性始终是解释鸟类群落丰富性和稀有性的最重要变量。栖息地的异质性增强了物种的丰富性，特别是在树木繁茂的生境稀缺的高度城市化地区。但是，稀有物种对生境异质性的响应较弱。网格细胞空间位置对鸟类群落丰富度的影响被栖息地可利用性和异质性的影响所覆盖。然而，由稀有物种组成的社区往往在外围地区繁殖，这些外围地区包括开放的栖息地和大片林地。保留足够的树木繁茂的栖息地（包括小块斑块）仍然是城市鸟类保护的关键工具，并且应在少于约200公顷的地区支持栖息地异质性。树木繁茂的栖息地的3％。稀有物种得益于外围城市地区维护的更广泛的绿地。

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  • 来源
    《Urban ecosystems》 |2016年第3期|1265-1281|共17页
  • 作者

    Ferenc Michal; Sedlacek Ondrej; Mourkova Jindra; Exnerova Alice; Skopek Jaroslav; Formanek Jiri; Fuchs Roman;

  • 作者单位

    Charles Univ Prague, Dept Ecol, Fac Sci, Vinicna 7, CR-12844 Prague 2, Czech Republic;

    Charles Univ Prague, Dept Ecol, Fac Sci, Vinicna 7, CR-12844 Prague 2, Czech Republic;

    Charles Univ Prague, Dept Zool, Fac Sci, Vinicna 7, Prague 2, Czech Republic;

    Charles Univ Prague, Dept Zool, Fac Sci, Vinicna 7, Prague 2, Czech Republic;

    Dolinach 5, Prague 14700 4, Czech Republic;

    Vondrousova 1209, Prague 16300 6, Czech Republic;

    Charles Univ Prague, Dept Zool, Fac Sci, Vinicna 7, Prague 2, Czech Republic|Univ South Bohemia, Dept Zool, Fac Sci, Branisovska 31, Ceske Budejovice 37005, Czech Republic;

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  • 正文语种 eng
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  • 关键词

    Urban birds; Atlas data; Rarity; Habitat heterogeneity; Habitat availability; Random forest;

    机译：城市鸟类;地图集数据;稀有度;栖息地异质性;栖息地可用性;随机森林;

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