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Informality and Political Violence in Karachi

机译:卡拉奇的非正式与政治暴力

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摘要

This paper proposes an understanding of political violence in a major metropolis through the lens of informality in urban planning and land use. Political conflict in Karachi has been examined largely from the lens of ethnic identity. Here it is shown, using census data, how urban planning was implicated in the evolution of the city's ethnic demography. Election results at the polling station level further confirm the importance of territory in Karachi's violent political divisions. The literature on informal economic governance, and its insights on non-state contract enforcement and dispute resolution, is used to interpret case studies of three unplanned neighbourhoods. Various migrant cohorts had distinct experiences regarding informal economic governance and the politics of regularisation. These differences gave rise to two alternate modes of informal economic governance, which not only sustained violent political divisions, but also denied coercive monopoly to formal institutions of the state.
机译:本文建议通过城市规划和土地使用的非正式性的视角来理解主要大都市的政治暴力。卡拉奇的政治冲突在很大程度上从种族认同的角度进行了研究。在此使用人口普查数据显示城市规划如何与城市种族人口统计的发展息息相关。投票站一级的选举结果进一步证实了领土在卡拉奇暴力政治分裂中的重要性。有关非正式经济治理的文献及其对非国家合同执行和争端解决的见解被用来解释三个计划外社区的案例研究。各个移民群体在非正式经济治理和正规化政治方面有不同的经验。这些差异导致了两种非正式经济治理模式的替代模式,它们不仅维持了剧烈的政治分裂,而且否认了对国家正式机构的强制性垄断。

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  • 来源
    《Urban Studies》 |2013年第15期|3099-3115|共17页
  • 作者单位

    Collective for Social Science Research, 173-1 Block-2, PECHS, Karachi 75400, Pakistan;

    Collective for Social Science Research, 173-1 Block-2, PECHS, Karachi 75400, Pakistan;

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