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Stop Subsidy Boon for Energy

机译:停止对能源的补贴恩赐

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摘要

Efforts by a variety of organizations to quantify global support for fossil fuels have generated estimates that range from $523,000,000,000 to more than 1.9 trillion dollars, depending on the calculation and what measures are included. What is clear is that the level of support has rebounded to 2008 levels following a dip in 2009-10 during the global financial crisis. Traditional calculations account for two types of energy subsidies. Production subsidies lower the cost of energy generation through preferential tax treatments and direct financial transfers (grants to producers and preferential loans). Consumption subsidies lower the price for energy users, usually through tax breaks or underpriced government energy services. While production subsidies predominate in Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development (OECD) countries, consumption subsidies are favored in developing nations to reduce the burden on poor households' income, as these people have to use a greater share of their income to buy fossil fuel products.
机译:各种组织为量化对化石燃料的全球支持所做的努力,产生了估计值,从523,000亿美元到超过1.9万亿美元不等,具体取决于计算和所包括的措施。显然,在全球金融危机期间,2009-10年度的支持水平下降之后,支持水平已反弹至2008年的水平。传统计算方法包括两种类型的能源补贴。生产补贴通过优惠税收待遇和直接财政转移(对生产者的补贴和优惠贷款)降低了能源生产成本。消费补贴通常通过税收减免或政府能源服务定价过低来降低能源用户的价格。尽管生产补贴在经济合作与发展组织(OECD)国家中占主导地位,但发展中国家更喜欢消费补贴,以减轻贫困家庭收入的负担,因为这些人必须将其收入的更大比例用于购买化石燃料产品。

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  • 来源
    《USA today》 |2014年第2826期|33-33|共1页
  • 作者

    Philipp Tagwerker;

  • 作者单位

    Worldwatch Institute, Washington, D.C.;

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  • 原文格式 PDF
  • 正文语种 eng
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