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Gaze analysis of user characteristics in magazine style narrative visualizations

机译：在杂志风格的叙事可视化中凝视用户特征

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Previous research has shown that various user characteristics (e.g., cognitive abilities, personality traits, and learning abilities) can influence user experience during information visualization tasks. These findings have prompted researchers to investigate user-adaptive information visualizations that can help users by providing personalized support based on their specific needs. Whereas existing work has been mostly limited to tasks involving just visualizations, the aim of our research is to broaden this work to include scenarios where users process textual documents with embedded visualizations, i.e., Magazine Style Narrative Visualizations, or MSNVs for short. In this paper, we analyze eye tracking data collected from a user study with MSNVs to uncover processing behaviors that are negatively impacting user experience (i.e., time on task) for users with low abilities in these user characteristics. Our analysis leverages Linear Mixed-Effects Models to evaluate the relationships among user characteristics, gaze processing behaviors, and task performance. Our results identify several MSNV processing behaviors within the visualization that contribute to poor task performance for users with low reading proficiency. For instance, we identify that users with low reading proficiency transition significantly more often compared to their counterparts between relevant and non-relevant bars, and transition more often from bars to the labels. We present our findings as a step toward designing user-adaptive support mechanisms to alleviate these difficulties with MSNVs, and provide suggestions on how our results can be leveraged for creating a set of meaningful interventions for future evaluation (e.g., dynamically highlighting relevant bars and labels in the visualization to help users with low reading proficiency locate them more effectively).
机译：先前的研究表明，在信息可视化任务期间，各种用户特征（例如，认知能力，人格特质和学习能力）会影响用户体验。这些发现促使研究人员研究用户自适应信息可视化，这些可视化可以通过根据用户的特定需求提供个性化支持来帮助用户。鉴于现有工作主要限于仅涉及可视化的任务，我们的研究目的是将这项工作扩展到包括用户使用嵌入式可视化处理文本文档的场景，即杂志风格叙事可视化或简称MSNV。在本文中，我们分析了使用MSNV从用户研究中收集的眼动数据，以发现对这些用户特征中能力较弱的用户产生负面影响用户体验（即上班时间）的处理行为。我们的分析利用线性混合效应模型来评估用户特征，注视处理行为和任务绩效之间的关系。我们的结果确定了可视化中的几种MSNV处理行为，这些行为导致阅读能力较低的用户的任务性能较差。例如，我们发现阅读能力较低的用户相比其相关和不相关条形之间的转换更为频繁，并且更经常地从条形变为标签。我们介绍我们的发现，以此作为设计用户适应性支持机制以减轻MSNV这些困难的一步，并就如何利用我们的结果创建一套有意义的干预措施以进行未来评估提供建议（例如，动态突出显示相关的条形和标签）在可视化中帮助低阅读能力的用户更有效地定位他们）。

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